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Creates the protocol that will be used for the embalming of the body.
EMBALMING ANALYSIS
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The analysis and protocol needs to be fully documented in report form and kept as a permanent record. (Even in states that do not require case reports)
EMBALMING ANALYSIS
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EMBALMING ANALYSIS…
INCORPORATES THE DISCIPLINES OF
- anatomy
- pathology
- microbiology
- chemistry
- restorative art
- and of course embalming
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THREE TIME PERIODS
FOR EMBALMING ANALYSIS…
- 1. Analysis before embalming begins
- 2. Analysis during the embalming process
- 3. Analysis after arterial embalming ends.
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FOUR SIMPLE STEPS TO
EMBALMING ANALYSIS...
- 1. observation
- 2. evaluation
- 3. implementation
- 4. results
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SOURCES OF INFORMATION
PRIOR TO EMBALMING...
The body (good or bad)
Death certificate (???)
Hospital FACE sheet
Organ procurement agency
Pre arrangements (or time of need arrangements)
The family (directives, requests, instructions)
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DURING EMBALMING
ASK YOURSELF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS…
What areas are receiving sufficient solution?
What areas are not receiving arterial solution?
What can be done to stimulate distribution of the solution?
Do additional arteries need to be raised and injected?
Is there any swelling or distention? (If so, STOP!)
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AFTER ARTERIAL INJECTION IS COMPLETE
ASK THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS….
What areas are not properly embalmed?
What areas need supplemental treatment?
Is there any swelling or distention? (If yes, how will we correct the problem?)
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AFTER THE BODY IS DRESSED AND CASKETED
WHO MONITORS THE BODY…
The prudent embalmer will check the body (not just the makeup) on a daily basis for…
- gas
- odors
- leakage
- purge
- skin slip
- maggots
- color changes
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THREE GENERAL FACTORS
OF EMBALMING ANALYSIS…
- 1. Condition of the body.
- 2. Circumstances surrounding the death.
- 3. Manner and time of disposition.
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SUMMARY OF FACTORS TO CONSIDER…
OF EMBALMING ANALYSIS…
- The body
- Effects of disease
- Cause and manner of death
- PM physical and chemical changes.
- Effects of drugs and medical treatments.
- Time between preparation and disposition.
- PM activities: refrigeration, autopsy, organ/tissue recovery
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SPECIFIC ITEMS OR TECHNIQUES
TO CONSIDER…
- Vessels for injection and drainage.
- Type of embalming fluid. (Bottle)
- Index of embalming fluid. (Bottle)
- Strength of the embalming solution. (Tank)
- Volume of the embalming solution. (Tank)
- Injection pressure and rate of flow.
- Supplemental embalming treatments. (If needed)
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INTRINSIC FACTORS
OF EMBALMING ANALYSIS…
- Cause and manner of death.
- Specific body conditions, including:
- Pathological conditions
- Microbial influences
- Moisture content
- Thermal influences (febrile diseases)
- Nitrogenous waste products (renal
- failure)
- Weight of the individual
- Gas in the tissues and cavities
- PM physical or chemical changes
- Presence (or absence) of discolorations
- Pharmaceutical agents (prescription drugs)
- Illegal drugs
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EXTRINSIC FACTORS
OF EMBALMING ANALYSIS…
- Environmental factors, including:
- Atmospheric conditions
- Microbial influences
- Thermal influences
- Vermin
- PM interval
- Time between death and embalming
- Time between embalming and
- disposition
- Positive body ID
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dictated by the condition of the body, not the cause of death
The correct embalming treatment
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Prepare each body as if the
- deceased had an infectious and highly contagious disease.
- and...
- viewing and disposition will be delayed.
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TWO BASIC CONDITIONS
that effect embalming analysis (and results)…
- FLUID RETENTION…
- edema
- swelling
- distention
- excess moisture
- LACK OF MOISTURE
- emaciation
- dehydration
- desiccation
- dry tissues
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TO HELP ELIMINATE MOISTURE
- high index fluid
- strong solution
- astringent qualities
- hypertonic solution
- hot water
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TO ADD OR RETAIN MOISTURE
- low index fluid
- weak solution
- humectant qualities
- hypotonic
- cold water
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GENERAL INTRINSIC
BODY CONDITIONS…
Age……………….…young or old
Weight……………emaciated or obese
- Musculature……firm and will developed
- or
- wasted and atrophied
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AGE
CHILD OR INFANT
- …smaller vascular system
- …milder solutions?
- …mouth closure
- …positioning
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AGE
ELDERLY
- …arteriosclerosis
- …edentious (no teeth)
- …mouth closure
- …skin (thick or thin)
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WEIGHT
EMACIATED
- …mild solutions
- …dehydrated
- …poor drainage
- …eye closure
- …mouth closure
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WEIGHT
OBESE
- …high index
- …large volume of solution
- …deep vessels
- …positioning problems
- …restricted cervical injection
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MUSCULATURE
HEALTHY, WELL DEVELOPED
- …intense rigor
- …poor distribution
- …if rigor is not present
- …good firming
- …good distribution
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MUSCULATURE
WASTED, NOT WELL DEVELOPED
- …little or no firming
- …flabby skin
- …potential for swelling
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THE EMBALMER
IS AN IMPORTANT EXTRINSIC FACTOR
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THINGS THAT MAY STIMULATE DISTRIBUTION AND DIFFUSION OF EMBALMING SOLUTION
1. Massage along the arterial route that supplies fluid to the area.
2. Closed drainage to increase the intravascular pressure.
3. Lower, raise, manipulate the body area.
4. Increase the pressure.
5. Increase the rate of flow.
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WHAT TO DO IF YOU NEED TO INCREASE THE STRENGTH OF SOLUTION…
1. Prepare a solution using a higher-index arterial fluid.
2. Add a higher-index arterial fluid to the present solution.
3. Add more of the same arterial fluid to the present solution.
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solution never inject a weaker solution into the same area.
After injection of a strong
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after which a stronger solution may be used
Always inject a weaker solution first,
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THE PURPOSE OF EMBALMING ANALYSIS…
Is to gather the information necessary to make the correct choices in treating the body.
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