Antimicrobials

Penicillin (beta lactams)
- CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- inhibit PBPs, which help cross link NAG and NAM molecules of the peptidoglycan cell wall
- b lactam ring and R group=structural
Vancomycin
- CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- alter the terminal D-Ala of the peptidoglycan chain, inhibiting transpeptidation and cell wall synthesis
Bacitracin
- CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- bind and inhibit carriers for peptidoglycan subunits
Polymyxins
- CELL MEMBRANE INHIBITORS
- disrupt the biliayer by cleaving the phospholipids
Imidazole
- CELL MEMBRANE INHIBITOR
- prevent membrane sterol synthesis
Nystatin
- CELL MEMBRANE INHIBITOR
- bind membrane sterols
Quinolones (2 ex)
- NUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- bind and inhibit DNA gyrase
- ex) Nalidixic acid
- ex) Ciprofoloxacin
Rifampin
- NUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- bind and inhibit DNA polymerase
- (prevents transcription of mRNA)
Macrolides (2 ex)
- PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- bind 50S rRNA and block peptide elongation
- ex) erythromycin
- ex) azithromycin
Tetracyclines
- PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- bind 30S ribosome and distort the A site to prevent tRNA binding
Aminoglycosides (2 ex)
- PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
- block 30S-50S binding
- ex) streptomycin
- ex) kanamycin
sulfonamides
- METABOLIC ENZYME INHIBITORS
- block purine and pyrimidine synthesis
- block metabolism of folic acid
Triclosan
- METABOLIC ENZYME INHIBITORS
- block enoyl reductase and therefore fatty acid synthesis

Author

stec0059

19259

Card Set

Antimicrobials

Description

Microbiology final review

Updated

2010-05-14T03:46:58Z

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