True or false: Genes on the Y Chromosome iniate testes differentiation.
True
True or false: All eggs have one X.
True
XO occurs in about 1/6000 births, small reproductive system, normal intellect.
Turner Syndrome
YXX in about 1/1500 births, normal male geneitals, feminized elsewhere.
Klinefelter Syndrome
Defective gene on X renders tissues insensitive to male horomones, have
XY chromosomes and testes internally, but external genitals of female.Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Deficiency of an enzyme that converts one hormone into another form, regular testosterone causes develeopment of tests and internal dectwork of males, lack of the stronger form caused external genitals to form female, presence of more testesterone during puberty causes growth of penis.
Guevodoces
One testes, one ovary.
Hermaphrodite
Production of egg and production of hormones estrogen and progesterone.
Oogenesis
Carries egg to uterus, egg is usually fertized here
Fallopian tubes
Egg implants in fallopian tube or outside of uterus
Ectopic pregnancy
Site of embryo implantation, smooth muscles around edges contract during delivery.
Uterus
Isolate uterus during pregnancy, vaginal cana.
Cervix
External genitalia
Labia
Produced in hypothalamus
GnRH
Triggers ovulation, and activates structure called the corpus luteum
LH
Causes follical (egg) to mature
FSH
Releases estrogen and progesterone
Ovaries
Helps egg mature, and thickens endometrium of uterus in preparation for implantation.
Estrogen
Fursther prepares uterus for implantation of embryo.
Progesterone
Sequence of events that lead to ovulation, regulated by LH and FSH
Ovarian cycle
Known as mensrual cycle, 28 days long, and regulated by estrogen and proesterone.
Uterine cycle
Produced by embryo to maintain progesterone levels and prevents mentruation, also can be detected in pregnancy tests.
HCG
Nutrient exchange between mom and child, large surface area for exchange.
Plcenta
Stimulation of receptors in the glans penis and signals from the brain to induce a reflex reaction resulting in erection.
Excitement
Intense arousal and increased breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension.
Plateau
Sympathetic nerve impulses cause contraction of smooth muscles in the epididymis, glands moving semen into the urthera.
Emission
Skeletal muscle at the base of the penis contracts rhymically to force semen 2-5 ml through urethra in several spurts
Expulsion
Body returns to normal
Resolution
Can be sexual or asexual, always involves copying of genetic material, always involves the division of cells.
Reproduction
Most important structures in the reproductive system (ovaries or testes) and its function is to produce the gametes (eggs and sperm) and sex hormones.
Gonads.
Site of sperm production in testes.
Seminiferous tubules
Site where sperm are stored and mature
Epididymis
Tubes carries sperm to prostate gland
Vas Deferens
Neutralizes acids and improves sperm production
Prostate gland
Designed to pick up or respond to a variety of stimuli (Pressure, chemical, light)
Sensory System
Touch, pressure, hearing
Mechanoreceptors
Change in temperature
Thermoreceptors
Pain felt at a site other than the area of origin
Referred pain
Cannot discriminate between colors, black and white vision, poor resolution, allows us to see in dimly lit room.