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Staph.aureus: Bone, Heart, Skin, Joint
Sensitive staph(MSSA);
1.IV
2.Oral
- 1.Oxacillin/nafcillin, or cefazolin(1st gen.)
- 2. Dicloxacillin or cephalexin(1st gen).
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Staph.aureus-resistant staph(MRSA)
1.severe infection(6)
2. Minor infection(3)
- 1. Vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin, ceftaroline, tigecycline, or telavancin
- 2. TMP/SMX. clindamycin, doxycycline
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Linezolid causes
thrombocytopenia
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Daptomycin causes
myopathy and rising CPK
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Staph aureus. Penicillin allergy:
rash
safe to use cephalosporins
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Staph aureus. Penicillin allergy:
Anaphylaxis(2)
Macrolides(azithromycin, clarithromycin) or clindamycin
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Staph aureus. Penicillin allergy:
Severe infection(4)
- Vancomycin
- Linezolid
- daptomycin
- telavancin
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Staph aureus. Penicillin allergy:
Minor infection:(3)
- Macrolides(azithromycin, clarithromycin),
- clindamycin
- TMP/SMX
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Telavancin is
a vancomycin derivative with similar efficacy
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Streptococcus
These meds will cover Str. as well as Staph.
But they are specific for Str.:(3)
- Penicillin
- Ampicillin
- Amoxicillin
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Gram- bacilli(rods):(6)
- E.coli
- Enterobacter
- Citrobacter
- Morganella
- Pseudomonas
- Serratia
-
Gram- bacteria antibiotics
Cephalosporins(2)
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Gram- bacteria antibiotics
Penicillins(2)
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Gram- bacteria antibiotics
Monobactam(1)
Aztreonam
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Gram- bacteria antibiotics
Quinolones(4)
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
- Gemifloxacin
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Gram- bacteria antibiotics
Aminoglycosides(3)
- Gentamicin
- Tobramicin
- Amikacin
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Gram- bacteria antibiotics
Carbapenems(4)
- Imipenem
- Meropenem
- Etrapenem
- Doripenem
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Etrapenem is
only carbapenem that does not cover Pseudomonas
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Piperacillin and ticarcillin also
cover Str. and anaerobes
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Levofloxacin, gemifloxacin and moxifloxacin are
excellent pneumococcal drugs
-
Aminoglycosides work
synergistically with other agents to treat Staph and Str
-
Carbapenems are
excellent antianaerobic meds. They cover Str. and all sensitive Staph(MSSA)
-
Tigecycline covers
MRSA and is broadly active against gram negative bacilli
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Gemifloxacin is
quinolone for pneumonia
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Anaerobes
GI anaerobes(becteroides):
Metronidazole
is the best med for abd. anaerobes
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Anaerobes
GI anaerobes(becteroides):
Carbapenems, piperacillin and ticarcillin
are equal in efficacy for abd. anaerobes compared to metronidazole
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Anaerobes
GI anaerobes(becteroides):
Cefoxitin and cefotetan
the only cephalosporins that cover anaerobes
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Anaerobes
Respiratory anaerobes(anaerobic Strep)
clindamycin is the best drug for anaerobic Strep
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Meds with no anaerobic coverage(5)
- Aminoglycosides
- Aztreonam
- Fluoroquinolones
- Oxacillin/nafcillin
- all cephalosporins(except cefoxitin and cefotetan)
-
Vancomycin is associated with
- red man syndrome. Slow the rate of infusion
- red, flushed skin from histamine release. From rapid infusion of vancomycin.
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