psychology

In encoding memory, which of the following do you use when you attempt to keep a mental picture of the information?

The items that you have in your conscious mind right now are being held in your

We are all better able to recall information at the beginning and end of a list because of:

_____ memory holds auditory memory for one or two seconds

Time of occurance is important in _____ memory

If you subconsciously block memories of a traumatic experience, you are most likely _____ the material

A multiple choice test may bring out knowledge you might not be able to show on an essay test due to the process of:

Conceptual frameworks you use to make sense of the world are called

To improve memory, you may link new information to material that is already known in

Chunking is associated with

Short-term memory

Photographic memory is also called

Interference refers to

Psychologist George Miller discovered that short-term memory is limited to about:

The three memory processes are

HOMES, an acronym for the five Great Lakes (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie & Superior), is an example of

Remembering how to jump rope, a skill that you have not practiced in many years, is an example of which kind of memory

Which of the following is NOT a unit of thought

Maria would like to cut a coupon out of the newspaper but she cannot find her scissors. _____ is keeping her from using her kitchen knife for this purpose.

_____ is the first stage of language development.

The idea that a person's language influences his or her thoughts is referred to as

When a child speaks in sentences but leaves out articles, prepositions, and parts of verbs, he or she is exhibiting

The "aha" experience, or suddenly realizing the solution to a problem, is called:

Changing and reorganizing the information stored in memory to create new or transformed information is called

A flawed theory that simply labels rather than explains behavior is

Motives can be inferred from

The theory that stresses the role of the environment plays in motivating behavior is:

Jose gets a lot of satisfaction out of playing his clarinet. He is _____ motivated to practice

According to the glucostatic theory of hunger, the _____ monitors the amount of glucose available in the blood.

Psychosocial hunger factors are _____ cues that affect one's desire to eat

If you are motivated because you think you can succeed and your goal is worth a lot to you, you are illustrating the _____ theory

Fear of success is found:

In Maslow's hierarchy, _____ needs involve the realization of one's unique potential.

Which of the following theories of emotion involves activation of the thalamus?

What are the three parts of all emotions

The Schacter-Singer experiment found that perception and arousal

According to the _____ theory, when the stimulus for one emotion is removed, you feel the opposite emotion

Dr. Jones is a psychologist who explains motivation in terms of underlying physiological states. To which theory does Dr. Jones subscribe

Studies have shown that high achievers prefer to be associated with

Pleasure obtained from stimulation is overlooked by which theory?

Which of the following is a self-actualization need

Studies on obese individuals indicate that

The sympathetic nervous system

The tendency of organisms to return to or maintain a normal state is called:

_____ explains the differences in emotional expressio that we find in various cultures

The Cannon-Bard theory proposed that:

The two basic dimensions of emotions are:

Dr. Medely believes that emotion is the result of interaction of physiological arousal and the cognitive label that we apply to explain the arousal. Dr. Medely's view is most consistent with the _____ theory of emotions

Which of the following most accurately reflects our most current understanding of basic facial expressions?

Standardized measure of intelligence based on a scale in which 100 is average

Includes five major aspects of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences

Proposes that intelligence is composed of a general ability level and specific mental abilities

the score you receive on a test depends more on the grader than on you, the test has a problem with

If every time you take a standardized test, your score varies widely, the test has a problem with: Answer

One of the major ways of measuring _____ is to determine how well a test predicts performance.

Tests that are administered or scored in an inconsistent manner are not:

Critics argue that emotional intelligence is simply a measurement of: Answer

The _____ was originally developed to identify "slow learners." Answer

The s factor in Spearman's theory of intelligence represents

10-year-old Michael's IQ score on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence test was 130. It is likely that his mental age is _____.

Comparing the average performance of the WAIS in the 1920s sample with the average performance of today's WAIS sample provides convincing evidence that each generation is smarter than those before it due to the _____.

How would you characterize the distribution of scores in a normal distribution

Duane's car was not running well. The car would occasionally lose power and stall out. Duane thought about the possible solutions: changing the ignition wires, putting an additive in the fuel tank, or taking his car to a mechanic and letting the mechanic figure out the problem. Duane decided to try the additive in the fuel tank to see if that corrected the problem. Which one of Sternberg's intelligences does Duane appear to be using?

Scott possesses outstanding talent and shows potential for performing at remarkable levels of accomplishment when compared to others of the same age, experience, and environment. Scott's IQ score is 144, therefore placing him in the _____ range of IQ scores.

Mental retardation includes problems in communication, taking care of oneself, social skills, and vocational training. The section of mental retardation that is commonly known as Down Syndrome would be found in which category?

Kansas University depends primarily on shoe size, rather than ACT scores for admission purposes. Their dropout rate is rather high. Shoe size is probably not an effective predictor of success in college because it lacks:

Shane wants to be an architect or graphic designer when he finishes college. He loves to abstract paint in his spare time. Shane is probably dominant in which of Gardner's multiple intelligences?

Both the SAT and ACT measure:

Achievement tests are assessed primarily on their:

Which of the following aptitude tests comprises nine different tests, ranging from vocabulary to manual dexterity?

Aptitude tests are assessed primarily in terms of their

Which of the following is used to assess the "normal person" but does not reveal psychiatric illnesses

The _____ was originally developed to help diagnose psychiatric disorders

Which of the following focuses on how a person takes in information and makes decisions

Which of the following asks participants to tell stories about the pictures on a series of 20 cards?

The theory underlying the _____ is that anything someone does or says reveals and aspect of that person's personality

collective unconscious

inferiority complex

observational learning

psychoanalysis

self- actualization

Perspective that views that human condition as a mixture of unconscious desires and conflicts

Perspective which focuses on the importance of learning by observation and how conscious thoughts in different situations can influence actions

Perspective that begins with the assumption that self-awareness is the very core of humanity thus emphasizing free will

Perspective used by Cattell as a basis for his personality measure known as the 16PF test

an individual's unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving

what is not a purpose of personality theories

_____ focus on how our thoughts, perceptions, and feelings shape our personalities.

According to Carl Jung, a(n) _____ is an inherited idea based on the experiences of one's ancestors.

A person exhibiting _____ replaces an unacceptable feeling or urge with an opposite one.

Marty frequently becomes angry with his wife. The real object of his anger is his boss at work. This defense mechanism is called

In Sigmund Freud's theory of personality, the ego is concerned with what a person ____ do.

Irrational and chaotic is to the _____ as rational and reality-oriented is to the ____.

With _____, the ego avoids anxiety by believing that impulses coming from within are really coming from other people.

According to Freud, the part of the psyche that stops a person from stealing is the:

One of your classmates remarks that "Monty is all id." By assuming your classmate's analysis of Monty is on target, what is likely meant by the classmate?

According to Albert Bandura, people can direct their own behavior

According to Albert Bandura, as long as a person's _____ positive, he or she will keep trying to succeed.

The swimming instructor who introduces a new stroke by performing the motion while students watch is encouraging:

Because they are secure in themselves, self-actualized individuals are more:

Children whose parents _____ will gradually come to value themselves for what they are.

According to Gordon Allport, preferences for food and music are considered to be:

Traits that Raymond Cattell considered to be at the core of personality are called:

Which of the following "robust factors" refers to individuals who are dutiful, dedicated to completing tasks, organized, and responsible? Answer

Which of the following did Hans Eysenck not consider a dimension of personality?

According to Bandura's theory, which of the following factors is more likely to contribute to the self-regulation of behavior

makes a person feel good, such as winning a few dollars in a lottery or doing well on an exam

person must choose between two or more options that tend to result from opposing motives

stems from motivating strivings and challenges

stems from acute anxiety or pressure

person's reaction to his or her inability to cope with a certaine tense event or situation

concept that women and men should receive equal pay for jobs calling for similar skills and responsibilities

A conflict situation that occurs when an individual confronts two unattractive alternatives (rock and a hard place) is a(n) _____ conflict. Answer

Tony, a young boy, wants to pet a friend's dog, but his is afraid the dog will bite him. This is a(n) _____ conflict.

_____ cause(s) relatively minor day-to-day stress

Which of the following do most Americans regard as one of the foremost irritants causing environmental stress in their lives

Which personality type is generally relaxed and does not easily become angry?

In the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the person finds the means to cope with the stressor and to ward off adverse reactions

The mobilization of the "fight or flight" response occurs during the _____ stage.

Which of the following active coping strategies can release the tension of pent-up feelings and help you keep a proper perspective of the situation? Answer

The active coping strategy that involves a rational analysis of the situation that will lead to an appropriate decision is:

Which of the following is NOT considered an active coping strategy?

Which of the following is NOT considered a defensive coping strategy

Miles, watching a gruesome horror film, protects himself from feelings of stress by blocking out the feelings associated with the scenes. This is an example of a coping strategy called:

When you first enter college, sho may undergo an emotional experience known as:

In college, you will meet people from a variety of different backgrounds. In this way, you will experience greater _____ than ever before

College often challenges the _____ a student established in high school

Which of the following is NOT a way to distinguish normal from abnormality?

Defining abnormality as a deviation from normal

Axis II of the DSM-IV is usded to describe:

Which of the following is NOT a major area of adaptive functioning

Physical symptoms of _____ include muscular tension, an inability to relax, a furrowed brow, and a strained face

A person who is extremely afraid of darkness suffers from:

A person with bipolar disorder experiences alternating periods of:

An extreme fear of being in a public place is called:

Dissociative amnesia most often results from:

A person who suddenly and unexpectedly travels away from home and cannot recall the past is experiencing:

People with dissociative identity disorder usually

Brain imaging techniques have shown that the brains of people who have schizophrenia often show signs of:

_____ schizophrenia involves delusions of grandeur and persecution.

The _____ suggests that schizophrenia is caused by an imbalance of chemicals in the brain.

The diathesis-stress states that an individual may have _____ a predisposition toward schizophrenia.

False or distorted perceptions that seem vividly real are called

False beliefs a person maintains in the face of contrary evidence is

During the last year, Rebecca's 10-year-old son, Tyler has developed several unusual symptoms. For no apparent reason, Tyler's head will suddenly jerk, his eyes will repeatedly blink, or he will repetitively shrug his shoulders. In the past two months, Tyler's symptoms have become more frequent and intense. Additionally, Tyler's 4th grade teacher has complained that he sometimes makes clicking and grunting sounds in class, which he doesn't seem able to control. Which of the following does Tyler most likely have?

After not seeing Rita for almost a week, a neighbor went to check on her. He discovered that Rita had barricaded all the doors and windows to her apartment because she believed that "terrorist forces" were going to attack her and her three cats. Rita appears to be suffering from

Based on their genetic relationship with a person with schizophrenia, which of the following people has the greatest risk of developing schizophrenia?