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amu
1 amu = 1.66 x 10
-27
mass number
protons + neutrons
E
photon
hf = h (c/
)
planck's constant * frequency
frequency = speed of light / wavelength
Planck's constant - h
6.63 x 10
-34
J*s
alpha particle - (He)
2 protons and 2 neutrons emitted
Ex:
210
84
Po -->
206
82
Pb +
4
2
subtracts 4 from mass number
subtracts 2 from atomic number
beta decay -
-
1 neutron is converted into a proton and an electron.
proton and electron (electron is emitted)
Mass number remains the same
Ex:
14
6
C -->
14
7
N +
0
-1
e-
Occurs when high neutron to proton ratio
adds 1 to atomic number
+
decay
1 proton is converted into a neutron and a positron
neutron and positron (positron is emitted)
Mass number remains the same
Ex:
18
9
F -->
18
8
O +
0
+1
e+
Occurs when high proton to neutron ratio
subtracts 1 from atomic number
Electron capture
1 electron is captured to convert a proton into a neutron
Similar to
+
ejection (positron emission)
Mass number to stay the same
Ex:
51
24
Cr +
0
-1
e- -->
51
23
V
Occurs when high proton to neutron ratio
subtracts 1 from atomic number
Gamma Decay
Gamma Rays have neither mass nor charge
Neither mass number nor atomic number change
Ex:
31
14
Si --
-
decay
--->
31
15
P* --
decay
->
31
15
P +
mass defect -
m
total mass of separate nucleons - mass of nucleus
will always be positive
E
B
- Einstein's binding energy equation
mc
2
=
m(in amu) x 931.5MeV
In Binding energy 1 kg =
9 x 10
16
J
c
2
- speed of light squared
9 x 10
16
Half life - t
1/2
N = N
0
e
-kt
N = N
0
(1/2)
t/t
1/2
k = (ln 2)/t
1/2
Author
nextMD
ID
191663
Card Set
MCAT Chem
Description
MCAT Chem
Updated
2013-01-08T18:41:40Z
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