Psychology

  1. Which of the following is a cognitive symptom of stress?




    D. memory problems
  2. which of these diseases is more likely to occur in societies that encourage individualism as opposed to group cooperation and conformity?




    D. cancer
  3. Whose name is associated with the General Adaptation Syndrome?




    D. Niel Miller
  4. the fight-or-flight response is associated with which stage of the general adaptation syndrome?




    A. alarm
  5. while going sky diving for the first time, someone first experiences anxiety, but immediately after wants to do it again. whay type of stress is the latter?




    A. eustress
  6. Holmes and Rahe developed the Social readjustment rating scale to measure changes due to?




    C. major life events
  7. experiencing intense fear whle reliving a shocking even in one's dreams, falshbacks or intrusive recollections describes?




    B. posttraumatic stress disorder
  8. lazarus and folkman believe that the first response when faced with a potential stressor, is to determine whether we are in imminent danger. this is termed?




    B. primary appraisal
  9. which conditions are believed to result from overactivity of the immune system?




    D. common cold & cancer
  10. which term describes a set of beliefs about members of a particular group?




    C. stereotype
  11. the tendency to assume a person has mostly positive or negative traits as a result of seeing one major positive or negative trait is called?




    B. halo effect
  12. which one of sternbergs types of love has all three elements of intimacy, passion & commitment?




    B. consummate love
  13. the kitty genovese murder is an example of which phenomenon?




    C. bystander effect
  14. what occurs when in a group, when people try less, if contributions will not be evaluated individually?




    A. social loafing
  15. when someone gives into another persons wish or request they are demonstrating?




    B. compliance
  16. which term describes what happens when compliance with an initial small request is followed by a larger request?




    A. foot-in-the-door effect
  17. you get a free cereal in the mail. the company hopes you will try it and feel obligated to buy it. what ter is used to describe this reaction?




    B. reciprocity
  18. your text cities the iraq and bay of pigs invasions and sinking of the titanic as examples of which social psychological phenomena




    D. groupthink
  19. which researcher conducted the experiment on obedience in which participants believed they were shocking a fellow participant with up to 400 volts for giving wrong answers?




    A. Stanley Milgram
  20. what is the root of the word "personality"?




    D. from the latin for "mask"
  21. rather than focusing on traits, walter mischel encouraged psycholgists to investigate:




    C. the influence of situations on behavior
  22. the predisposition to respond in a particular way is described as a:




    D. trait
  23. william sheldon believed personality could be related to:

    A. humors
    B. body types
    C. skull elevations
    D. neurotransmitters
    B: body types
  24. sigmund freud proposed that his patients disorders resulted most often from psychoological conflicts related to:




    B. sex
  25. what is freud's term from the primitive, biological side of personality?




    B. id
  26. the reality principle is associated with which side of personality?




    A. ego
  27. which defense mechanism is demonstrated by a person with aggressive tendencies, who channels his energies into becoming a surgeon?




    A. sublimation
  28. bandura's idea that people are affected by their environment but they can also influence their environment, is known as:




    C. reciprocol determinism
  29. carl rogers emphasized accepting people for what they are, not for what others wold like the person to be. this acceptance is called:




    D. unconditional positive regard
  30. in most states, a successful insanity defense plea means a person is not held legally responsible if he/she is:




    A. unable to distinguish between right and wrong at the time of the crime
  31. which approach to abnormality suggests that psychological disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated and often cured?




    A. medical
  32. your aunt would rather stay in her home, avoid public places and social situations. she would be diagnosed as:




    B. agoraphobia
  33. which disorder is often accompanied by what has been called "free-floating" anxiety?




    D. generalized anxiety disorder
  34. most cases of dissociative identity disorder are associated with:




    A. abuse during childhood
  35. what form of depression occurs during the fall and winter?




    C. seasonal affective disorder
  36. a person who suffers from bipolar disorder alternates between:




    A. depression & mania
  37. what term describes disorders in which severely disturbed individuals lose contact with reality and may require hospitalization?




    D. psychosis
  38. the belief that you are a special agent for the intergalactic supernova is an example of a:




    C. delusion
  39. which disorder is associated with problem levels of the neurotransmitter dipamine?




    B. schizophrenia
  40. define stress
    physical, emotional, cognitve and behavorial responses to events that appear as threatening or challenging
  41. what are stressors?
    events causing a stress reaction
  42. types of stress are:
    distress and eustress
  43. distress:
    unpleasant or undesireable stressors
  44. eustress
    effects of positive events that people need to promote a healthy well-being
  45. how people think about stressors, determines how stressful the situation will be is considered as:
    cognitive appraisal approach
  46. cognitive appraisal approach has two sub-categories:
    primary appraisal & secondary appraisal
  47. primary appraisal
    2st step in assessing a stress and classifying as a threat or challenging
  48. secondary appraisal
    2nd step involves estimating resourcees available for coping with stressor
  49. catastrophe
    cause of stress, unpredictable large-scale event that creates tremendous need to adapt/adjust as well as overwhelming feeling of threat
  50. posttraumatic stress disorder
    exposure to major stressor and symptoms of anxiety, nightmares etc lasting more than one month
  51. everyday sources of stress include:
    pressure, uncontrolability, frustration, conflict
  52. affects of frustration can include:
    aggression, displaced aggression, escape or withdrawl
  53. the body uses which part of its nervous system to respond to stress?
    autonomic nervous system
  54. the sympathetic nervous system is used in:
    fight or flight response
  55. parasympathetic nervious system is used to:
    restore body to normal function
  56. there are how many stages to the bodys reaction to stress in the General adaptation symdrome?
    three stages: alarm, resistance, exhaustion
  57. general adaptation syndrome was introduced by:
    Hans Selye
  58. defense mechanisms:
    protecting ego from ID & superego
  59. psychological defense mechanisms:
    unconscious distortions of persons perception of reality to reduce stress
  60. denial
    refuses to acknowledge or recognize a threatening situation
  61. repression
    pushes threatening event into unconscious mind
  62. rationalization
    invents acceptable excuse for something unacceptable
  63. projection
    unacceptable or threatening impulses or feelings are seen as originating with someone else
  64. reaction formation
    person forms opposite feelings or behavioral reaction to the way he/she really feels to keep true feelings hidden
  65. regression
    going back to earlier stage of development
  66. identification
    tryint to become like someone else
  67. compensation
    make up for inferiorities by becoming superior in another area
  68. sublimation
    channeling socially unacceptable impulses and behaviors into socially acceptable behavior
  69. social psychology
    scientific study of how a persons thoughs, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by the real imagined or implied presence of others
  70. social influence
    process through which the real or impled presence of others can directly incluence the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of an individual
  71. conformity
    changing ones behavior to match with other people
  72. groupthink
    kind of thinking that occurs when people place more importance on maintaining croup cohesiveness than on assessing the facts of the prolbem wit which the group is concerned
  73. consumer psychology
    studies habbits of consumers in the market place, including compliance
  74. compliance
    changing ones behavior as a result of someone requesting or asking for the change
  75. foot-in-the-door technique is a way to gain compliance by:
    asking for a small commitment and after gaining compliance, asking for a bigger commitment
  76. door-in-the-face technique is a way of gaining compliance by:
    asking for a large commitment and being refused then asking for a smaller commitment
  77. a reaction of the door-in-the-face technique is:
    norm of reciprocity: if someone does something for that person, should do soemthing in return; obligated
  78. lowball technique is a way of gaining compliance by:
    getting commitment from a person & then raisint cost of commitment
  79. thats-not-all technique is a way of gaining compliance by:
    making an offer and then adding something extra to make the offer look better
  80. Obedience
    changing ones behavior at the commands of an authority figure
  81. Milgram Study
    a "teacher" administered, what they thought were real, electric shocks to a "learner" who was actually aware of the real experiment
  82. stanley milgrams experement focused on what?
    obedience
  83. social facilitation
    presence of other people to have a positive impact on the performance of an easy task
  84. social loafing
    tendency to put less effort into simple talk when working in a group
  85. cognitive dissonance
    discomfort or distress that occurs when a persons behavior does not correspond to that persons impression formation the forming of the first knowledge that a person has concerning another person
Author
janders2
ID
19149
Card Set
Psychology
Description
Psychology final
Updated