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Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water, 1 degree celcius
Calorie
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Which type of food has the most calories per gram?
Fat
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How much total ATP is made during cellular respiration?
38 ATP
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The process which organisms break down glucose for the use of energy
Cell Respiration
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What types of organisms can Cell Respiration happen in?
(2)
Plants and Humans/Animals
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Organelle where cellular respiration takes place
Mitochondria
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What is needed for Cellular Respiration?
(2)
Glucose and Oxygen
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What gets made in Cellular Respiration?
(3)
- Carbon Dioxide
- Water
- Energy
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What kind of energy gets made in Cellular Respiration?
ATP
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What is the equation for Cellular Respiration?
(numbers)
C6H12O6+6O2 = 6CO2+6H20+ATP(energy)
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What is the equation for Cellular Respiration?
(words)
Oxygen + Glucose = Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
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How breathing and cell respiration are related?
- (Breathing part)
- We take in CO2 (carbon dioxide) through our lungs
- (Cellular Respiration part)
- and muscle cells carry out O2 (oxygen)
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3 Reactions of Cellular Respiration?
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What are the 2 types of Respiration?
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Breaking of glucose in the presence of oxygen?
Aerobic
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Breaking of glucose in the absence of oxygen?
Anaerobic
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Splitting of Glucose?
Glycolysis
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Where does Glycolysis occur?
Is O2 required in Glycolysis?
Anaerobic or Aerobic?
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What is needed for Glycolysis?
(2)
-
What does Glycolysis make?
(3)
- 4 ATP
- 2 NADH
- 2 Pyruvic Acid
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Where does the 2 Pyruvic Acid go when done Glycolysis?
Kreb's Cycle
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What is the Net Gain in Glycolysis?
2 ATP
-
How do we get a net gain of 2 ATP in Glycolysis?
We made 4, but we have to subtract the 2 that we used to start the process
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Where does the Kreb's Cycle occur?
Is oxygen required for the Kreb's Cycle?
Anaerobic or Aerobic?
Other name for Kreb's Cycle?
- Inner mitochondrial matrix
- Yes
- Aerobic
- Citric Acid Cycle
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What is needed for the Kreb's cycle?
(2)
-
What does the Kreb's Cycle make?
(4)
- 2 ATP
- 2 FADH28 NADHCarbon Dioxide
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What is the by-product of the Kreb's Cycle?
Carbon Dioxide
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What is the Net Gain of the Kreb's Cycle?
2 ATP
-
How do we get a Net Gain of 2 ATP in the Kreb's cycle?
We didn't need any to start with, but we made 2 ATP
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How many times does the Kreb's Cycle go through?
Twice
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Where does ETC take place?
Anaerobic or Aerobic?
What is the by-product of ETC?
- Membrane of the Mitochondria
- Aerobic
- Water
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In the ETC how do you convert NADH and FADH2 into ATP?
(2)
- NADH enters at FMN enzyme
- FADH2 enters at CoQ enzyme
-
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1 FADH2 = how many ATP?
2
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What is the Net Gain of the ETC?
34 ATP
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Name 5 products that are made during fermentation, that benefit humans
- Buttermilk
- Cheese
- Beer
- Wine
- Bread
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Name an activity in whcih your muscles would use lactic acid fermentation to produce energy
Sprinting
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Anaerobic Respiration:
What is another name for it?
Does it have oxygen?
Where does it occur?
-
Does not make as much energy as aerobic respiration:
Anaerobic Respiration
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What are the 2 reactions from Anaerobic respiration?
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What are the 2 types of Fermentation?
- Alcohol Fermentation
- Lactic Acid Fermentation
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Alcohol Fermentation:
Where can it occur? (4)
What is used for? (2)
- Plants, Fungi, Yeasts, Bacteria
- To make beer and wine
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What is the process of Alcohol Fermentation?
Pyruvic acid breaks into carbon dioxide and alcohol (ethanol) due to lack of oxygen
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What are some examples that carbon dioxide can do in Alcohol Fermentation?
(3)
- Makes bread rise
- Puts holes in bread and cheese
- Makes bubbles in wine, beer, and champagne
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What are the End Products of Alcohol Fermentation?
(3)
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Lactic Acid Fermentation:
Where does it occur?
In the muscle cells of animals
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What is the process of Lactic Acid Fermentation?
Pyruvic Acid builds up and turns into Lactic Acid
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