-
What is etiology?
cause/origin of a condition
-
What does pre-lingual deafness mean?
- deafness before language develops
- deafness at birth
-
What does peri-lingual deafness mean?
- deafness while learning language
- peri = near
-
What does post-lingual deafness meaning?
deafness after language already developed
-
-
-
-
What does otitus mean?
infection
-
What does externa mean?
external ear
-
What does media mean?
middle ear
-
What is an ENT?
Ear, nose throat
-
What is atresia?
means no ear canal
-
What is the eustachian tube?
tube connecting the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat
-
What are the ossicles?
- 3 tiny bones of the middle ear
- malleus or hammer
- incus or anvil
- stapes or stirrup
-
What is otitus media?
bacterial or viral infection of middle ear
-
What is otoxic?
- damage to the ear
- caused by poison or toxins
-
What is an Otolaryngologist specializing in?
- ENT
- diseases, anatomy & functions of ENT
-
What is perception?
processing information through senses
-
What is auditory discrimination?
ability to hear differences between sounds.
-
What is auditory memory?
ability to remember what is heard in a meaningful way.
-
What are phonics?
- study of speech sounds
- as they relate to reading and speaking
-
What is a phoneme?
- smallest unit of sound
- doesn't have meaning
-
What is a morpheme?
smallest linguistic unit of meaning
-
What is nasality?
- quality of speech sounds when
- the nasal cavity is used as a resonator
-
Where in the ear do Conductive Hearing Losses occur?
outer to middle to inner ear interference
-
What is the prognosis for Conductive Hearing Losses?
- Pretty good chances of successful treatment
- amplification most often works
- surgery with tubes in the ears can work.
- reconstructive surgery, prosthetic inserted to replace defect bone
-
Interferences of Conductive Loss?
- *any condition that interferes with transmission of sound waves to the inner ear
- blockage of external ear canal to inner ear, ie., wax
- swelling from infections
- fluid in the eustachian tube blocks mobility of ear drum
- problem with the ossicles bones - need reconstruction surgery or possible prosthetic inserted
-
Central Hearing Loss
- person functions as Deaf
- *hears sounds but brain can't interpret meaning
- neurofibromitosis = tumors (mostly adults)
- Intervention = brain stem implant (FDA approved for adults only)
-
Functional Hearing Loss
- not hearing loss...emotional/psychological problem
- intervention = therapy & educating the people around the patient
-
Functional Hearing Loss = Difficult Environments
- *think mom
- multiple conversations
- background noise such as radio, TV, vaccum, AC
- misses first sentences in conversations
- misses names of people when introduced
-
Auditory Processing Disorder
- functions as a hearing person
- corpus callum (center of brain) does not communicate with both sides of the brain/ears
-
How do states classify auditory processing?
- learning disability or communication disorder
- some won't do either....make them 504 with DHH 504 plan
-
Mixed Hearing Loss
sensorineural and conductive hearing loss IN THE SAME EAR
-
Treatment for Mixed Hearing Loss?
- always deal with conductive loss first
- surgery and/or amplification
-
What is CHL?
Conductive Hearing Loss
-
What is SNHL?
sensorineural hearing loss
-
3 other names for SNHL?
- acoustic nerve deafness
- retro cochlear deafness
- inner ear loss
-
Where does SNHL occur?
- 1. acoustic nerve
- 2. cochlea
- *or both nerve and cochlea
-
Cochlear hair cells respond to different pitches. Describe this.
- large end of the cochlea responds to high pitch sounds
- small end of cochlear responds to low pitch sounds
-
Fluctuating hearing loss is common with CHL or SNHL?
- CHL
- Meniere's or Otitus Media
-
Unilateral vs. Bilateral Loss
1 sided vs. 2 sided
-
Symmetrical vs. Asymetrical hearing loss
- symetrical - same ear, same level & type of loss
- asymetrical - different level and/or type of loss
-
Flat vs. Sloping vs. Precipitous
- flat = same loss across the frequencies
- sloping = better in low frequencies and drops in high frequencies
- precipitous = looks like sloping hearing loss, then drops to profound loss
-
What does ototoxicity or otoxic do to the ear?
chemo damages the cilia in the inner/ear
-
What does an otoscopic measure?
a device family doctors and eaer doctors use to see outer and middle ear
-
What does a tympanogram measure?
- checks for CHLs
- checks the middle ear for sound to be transmitted from external ear to interal ear
- can determine fluid, wax, swelling blocking passage
- can determine perforation of eardrum or problems with the occicles
-
Contralateral on tympanogram
different hearing loss/damage on opposite ears/sides of head
-
Ipsilateral on tympanogram
same on both sides
-
Bone Conduction Testing bypasses what?
bypasses "blockage" in the middle ear by wax, fluid, swelling, faulty occicles
-
How does "pure tone bone conduction" testing work?
- a smal vibrator placed on temporal bone behind the ear (or on the forehead)
- bypasses the blockage,
- reaches the auditory nerve through vibration
-
OAE
Oto acoustic emissions
-
What does OAE test for?
tests for inner ear stimulation/cochlea
-
How does OAE work?
- a sound that cannot be heard by us...only by the cochlea
- the cochlea hairs are vibrated by this sound and then the sound echos back into the middle ear...
- this is how the sound can be measured by the probe inserted into the ear canal
- normal hearing produce emissions
- loss 25dB - 30 dB do not.
-
Where is an "air conduction" test done?
in a sound booth
-
What does an "air conduction" test measure?
faintest tones a person can hear at the targeted pitches/frequencies (low to high)
-
How is an "air conduction" test done on infants
- changes in their behavior are observed such as sucking a pacifier, quieting, searching for the sound
- rewarded for responses by watching an animated toy
-
How is "air conduction test"
- play response activities
- string a peg
- ring on stick
- drop in bucket
-
If you don't know a Deaf person's history, which ear do you test?
test right ear first
-
Open Set
open ended questions (can be one word responses)
-
Closed Set
answers to pick from such as multiple choice
-
What is threshold of discomfort?
loudest tolerable sounds
-
Speech Reception Threshold
faintest level a person can hear & repeat 2-syllable words
- these are called spondees = have equal stress on each syllables
- hotdog, outside, ice cream, baseball, airplane
-
Speech Awareness Threshold
loudest speech a person can understand
-
What is frequency?
pitch of a sound
-
How are frequency/pitch measured?
hertz
-
How is loudness measured?
decibels
-
Define 5 broad ranges of hearing loss
- 0 - 20 dB normal
- 20 - 40 dB mild
- 40 - 60 dB moderate
- 60 - 80 dB severe
- 80+ dB profound
-
What are the 2 funky/less rigid HL ranges?
- 15-25 dB mild
- 50 - 70 dB moderate - severe loss
-
At what dB can you hear a whisper?
10 dB
-
What dB is it hard to hear faint or distant speech?
25-40dB
-
At what dB is speech difficult to understand in group discussions?
55-70 dB
-
At what dB are only environmental sounds being heard when within 1 foot?
70-90 dB
-
Which can be heard at 70-90dB? vowels or consonants?
vowells...think Ling's
-
-
What does tone deaf mean?
cannot hear pitch of sounds
|
|
