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Functions of integumentary system
- 1. protection:biological, physical, and chemical
- 2. blood reservoir
- 3. excretion
- 4. body temp
- 5. cutaneous sensations
- 6.metabolic functions
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Regions of skin?
- epidermis
- dermis
- hypodermis
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-dead
-most outer layer
-avascular
epidermis
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-middle layer
-dense irreg. tissue
-vascular
dermis
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-superficial fascia
-deepest layer
-adipose tissue
-absorbs shock
hypodermis
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Layers of skin? from deepest to superficial
- 1. basale
- 2.spinosum
- 3.granulosum
- 4. lucidum
- 5. corneum
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-deepest layer
-rapid regeneration
-some melanocytes
basale
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-prekeratin
-melanin granules
spinosum
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- 3 to 5 layers thick
- flat
- granules of keratin
granulosum
-
-only in thick skin
-superficial to granulosum
lucidum
-
-20 to 30 rows
-waterproof
-only keratinocytes
-protect from abrasion and biological enemies
corneum
-
-yellow to red
-brown to black
-produced in melanocytes
melanin
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-yellow to organe
-palms and soles of feet
carotene
-
pinkish hue to skin
hemoglobin
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-red skin color
- inflammation
-fevers
- high b.p
erythema
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-white
-low b.p
-ill
-blood vessles are contricted
pallor
-
-
-
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-areolar C.T
-blood vessels
-capillary loops
-receptors
papillary
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-collagen fibers--> strength
-leather
reticular
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2 types of Sudoriferous glands? (sweat)
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-palms, soles, and forehead
-thermoregulation
eccrine
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-thick sweat
-axillary
-body odor
apocrine
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Specialized glands of apocrine?
- 1. ceruminous glands
- 2. mammary glands
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-oil from hair follicles
-wide distribution
-active at puberty
sebaceous (oil) glands
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Alerts body to insects
guards scalp from trauma
dead keratinized cells
hair
-
pale, fine hair, female adults and children
vellus
-
-
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-hard keratin
-part of epidermis
nail
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Risk factors to skin cancer?
- over exposure to UV light
- frequent skin irritations
-
-stratum basale cells
-in hypodermis
basal cell carcinoma
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-kertinocytes of stratum
-scalp, ears, lower lip
squamous cell carcinoma
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-melanocytes
-highly metastisize
melanoma
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What to look for?
- 1.asymetrical
- 2.border
- 3.color
- 4.diameter
- 5.elevation
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-tissue damage
-denatured protein
-dehydrates
-electrolyte imbalance
burns
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Burns are critical if?
- - more than 25% percent of body has 2nd degree
- -more than 10% of body has 3rd degree
- - if the face, hands and feet get 3rd degree burns
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-burn to the epidermis only
-pain
-edema
1st degree
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-epidermis and part of dermis is burned
-blisters
2nd degreec
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-no pain
-no nerve endings
-skin grafting
-all layers are damaged
3rd degree
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