-
a substance that contains only one kind of particle
pure substance
element
compound
pure substance
-
example of pue substances
-
a pure substance that connot be broken down into a simpler substance
pure substance
element
compound
element
-
-
a pure substance that contains two or more different elements in a fixed proportion
pure substance
element
compound
compound
-
-
the smallest part of an element, contains protons, neutrons and electrons
atom
diatomic molecule
physical change
atom
-
the following elements H, O, F, Br, I, Cl like to ge found bonded together as a molecule when they are by themselves
atom
diatomic molecule
physical change
diatomic molecule
-
a chang ein the size or form of substance that can by used to identify it
- atom
- diatomic molecule
- physical change
-
the alteration of a substance into one or more different substances with different properties, also called a chemical reaction
chemical change
chemical property
subatomic particle
chemical change
-
the characteristic behavior that occurs when a substance interacts with another to become a new substance
chemical change
chemical property
subatomic particle
chemical property
-
make up the atom
chemical change
chemical property
subatomic particles
subatomic partcles
-
the rule for an atom to have a full outer shell
chemical property
subatomic property
2, 8, 8,
2, 8, 8,
-
what does the group number on the periodic table let you know about the structure of the atom
it lets you know how many valence electrons it has
-
what does the period number tell you about the structure of the atom
the period number tells you how many outer shells the atom has
-
briefly describe the characteristic of each of the groups of the periodic table
alkali metals
alkaline earth metals
chalcogens
halogens
nobles gases
- alkali-needs to lose 1 electron, reactive with water
- alkaline-needs to lose 2 electrons, reactive but not as alkali
- chalcogens-needs to gain 2 electrons, non-metals
- halogens-needs to gain 1 electron,very reactive
- noble gases-already have a full shell, not reactive
-
a postively or negatively charged atom
ion
cation
anion
ion
-
a postively charged metal atom that has lost electrons
ion
cation
anion
cation
-
a negatively charged non-metal atom atom that has gained electrons
ion
cation
anion
anion
-
the strong attraction that occers between a metal cation and a non-metal anion of equal and opposing charges
molecular bond
ionic bond
ion
ionic bond
-
how is an ionic bond formed
an ionic bond is formed when there is a transfer of electrons between metal and non-metal atoms
-
using the 2, 8, 8, rule how many valence electrons would these elements have:
hydrgen
carbon
argon
magnesium
-
it is said that atoms become ions because they are trying to be stable by resembling their closest noble gase, which noble gas do the following ions resembl
Li
Br
S2-
-
how do you name ionic compounds
first element stays the second element changes the ending to ide but keeps the base
-
how to name molecular compounds
first word changes the beginning only if theres more than 2 and the second changes the beginning if there's 1 or more
-
what is the difference between binary and ternary acids
binary acids are composed of hydrogen and a non-metal, while ternary acids are composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and another element
-
state the law of conservation of mass
atoms cannot create or destroy during a chemical reaction, therefore, there are the same number of atoms on the reactant side as the product side
-
how does the law of conservation of mass explain why we must balance chemical reactions
we must balance them because there has to be the same amount of chemicals on the reactant side and the product side, we balance it by adding coefficients
-
what are:
reactants
products
coeffefficients
subscripts
- reactants are what is making the chemical reaction
- products is what you get after the chemical reaction
- coefficients are added to the beginning of chemicals to balance equations
- subscripts is how many of the elements are in the compound
-
what are the 5 types of reactions
- single displacement
- double displacement
- synthesis
- decomposition
- combustion
-
how do you know if a chemical equation is a single displacement reaction
when a reactant switches to another reactant
-
how do you know if a chemical equation is double displacement
when 2 reactants switch partners
-
how do you know if a chemical equation is synthesis
when 2 or more reactants produce one product
-
how do you know if a chemical equation is docomposition
when 1 reactant produces many products
-
how do you know if a chemical equation is combustion
when the product is carbon dioxide and water
-
what type of ions are always present in an acid
H+ hydrogen ions
-
what type of ions are always found in bases
OH- hydroxide atom
-
3 differences between acids and bases
- acids-sour, ph of 1-6, watery feel
- bases-bitter, slippery feel, ph of 8-14
|
|
