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Staphylococcus aureus
- Gram-positive cocci
- causes wide variety of diseases. Many people are carriers.
- causes flesh eating disease. (necrotising fasciitis)
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Streptococcus mutants
- Gram-Positive cocci
- causes tooth decay, part of the "strep viridans group"
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Gram-Positive Cocci
- causes pneumonia, ear infections
- causes more deaths than any other vaccine-preventable disease. They are preventable by a vaccine can cause pneumonia and childhood ear infections.(can be life treating) has a capsule if you make a strain without a capsule then it is unable to cause disease.
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Streptococcus pyogenes
- Gram-positve cocci
- (GAS) scarlet fever,rheumatic fever, septicemia,tonsillitis, necrotising fasciitis
- causes pharyngitis, also known as “strep throat”
- G.A.S= Group A Strep = can cause scarlet fever(upper respiratory and you get rash)
- can lead to rheumatic fever. M protein is similar to a particular protein in cardiac muscle. Can also cause flesh eating diseases like necrotising fasciitis
- Lancefield grouping
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Gram-positive rods
- diphtheria, exotoxin from infecting phage/ it was treated with horse serium
- creates pseudomembrane, which can block trachea.
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Listeria Monocytogenes
- Gram -positive rod
- causes meningioencephalitis (listeriosis)stillbirths and spontaneous abortions
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Bacillus anthracis
- Gram-positive sporeformers
- they are spore formers and common in soilscutaneous- painless, usually if your around sheep, and common in soilsGastral Intestinal- get by eating contaminated meatPulmonary- w/o treatment it is 95% fatal. Difficult to diagnose and hard to treat, you get the disease because of the toxin the bacteria makes.
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Clostridium botulinium
- Gram Positive sporeformer
- forms terminal endospores. causes botulism. These spores make toxin= Botulism neurotoxin3 forms1. wound
- 2. food poisoning
- 3. floppy baby syndrome( flaccid paralysis)
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clostridium perfringens
- Gram-positive sporeformer
- causes gas gangreneit is a strict anaerobe/most common in nursing homes.
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clostridium tentani
- Gram positive sporeformer
- causes tetanus(spastic paralysis)
- toxin=tetanus neurotoxin
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Neisseria gonorrhea
- Gram-negative cocci
- causes gonorrhea, neonatal blindness, and arthritis
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Neisseria meningitidis
- Gram-negative cocci
- non sexual contact. Happens to people who are in college dorms. people infected are at risk for gas gangrene.
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Bacteroides spp.
- Gram-negative rods
- normal intestinal microflora, necessary for the normal mouse gut vasculature
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bordetella pertussis
- Gram-negative rods
- causes whooping cough, peaks at prodromal stage
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Echerichia coli
- Gram-negative rods
- normal enteric flora,severe diarrhea(from strain O157:H7)
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haemophilus influenzae
- Gram-negative rods
- is second invader after respiratory viruses causes pneumonia
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proteus spp.
- Gram-negative rods
- gastroenteritis, common in catheter patients.
- commonly causes nosocomial gastroenteritis and urinary tract infections.
- grows in Swarming motility- regulated by quorum sensing. they sense that there is no nutrients in the spot they are inoculated and they grow flagella and move to a spot where there is food. and then they leave their flagella. causing a rippling effect.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Gram-negative rods/ Opportunisticyou get it most likely following medical implants , burns and cystic fibrosis
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Salmonella enterica
- Gram-negative rod
- food poisoning
- typhoid fever( S.enterica serovar typhi), septecimia
- binduce their own phagocytosis by manipulating the human cytoskeleton from outside the human cell. 50% off chicken eggs have salmonella. Gets into GI tract causes diarrhea. It can also cause Typhoid fever-
- FECAL COLIFORM = G-, lactose fermenting rods from GI tract.
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serratia marcescens
- Gram negative rods
- red pigment, recent AB-resistant opportunistic pathogen
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Shigella spp
- Gram-negative rodsbacillary dysentary
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Yersinia Pestes
- Gram-negative rods
- known as black plague. wild rodents carry it
- bubonic-spread through fleas and rodents, which then infect humans. 50% fatal if untreated. cannot directly person to person. only by fleas. progresses to pneomonic plague.
- Pneomonic plague- can spread person to person. it is 100% fatal. you get bacterial all over your body.
- DIC= Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation- ectopic blood clots. which block blood vessels.
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