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what were the strength of the north?
- 24 states and 22 mill. people
- 92% of the nations industry
- most of nations natural resources
- most railroad lines
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What ware the strenghts of the south and weaknesses of south?
- 11 states 5.5 mill. whites 4 mill. blacks
- fighting a defensive war
- better suited to fight
- had better military leaders
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What was the souths strategiey?
to fight a defensive war untill the north got tired or until britian came to their aid
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What was Winefield scotts plan for the north called? what did it say? Did it pass?
- the anaconda plan
- the war would be long
- army needed to be trained
- blockade the south
- spilt confederecy
- it was rejected
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What was the norths plan instead for about 3 years?
capture richmond
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What were the hinderances at the homefront?
- slavery
- plantation economy
- states rights- states didnt have to copperate with confederate government
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In 1862 what did the south pass the first of?
conscription or draft
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What happened to the southern econonmy?
- confederate money was worthless
- union blockade
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Was jefferson davis a good president?
no
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In 1863 what did the north start? what did it lead to?
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Did the north use black troops?
yes
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What happened to the northern economy during the war?
an economic boom
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What was lincolns major foreign problem?
britian
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what was the trent affair?
- the u.s took two confederate dipliomats to england off the british ship trent
- british threatened war and lincoln backed down
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Who were the war democrats? who was one?
- democrats who supported war
- stephen douglas
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Who were copperheads?
democrats who opposed war
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Who were moderate republicans? Who was one?
- preserve the union
- lincolns group
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Who were the radical rebpulicans?
war was to free slaves and punish the south
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Wha did lincoln stertch the constitution to suspened? WHat was that?
- habeas corpus
- the right to a speedy trial
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What was ex parte merryman? What did lincoln do about it?
- said lincoln could not suspened habeas corpus
- lincoln ignored it
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What did the emancipation proclamation say?
all slaves in states still in rebellion were free
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Did the emancipation proclamation free any slaves at the time? what were the results?
- no
- made slavery the issue of the war
- kept britian out of the war
- if the north wins, slavery is dead
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Who were the canidates in the election of 1864?
- union party
- democrat- andrew johnson
- rebpublican- lincoln
- democrats- run on platform of ending the war general gorge mcellan
- lincoln wins
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Who assaisintated lincoln? What did this end?
- John wilkes booth
- any chance for reconciliation
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What were the results of the civil war?
- union is preserved
- ends states rights
- 600,00 dead- worst war in american history
- wrecked southern economy
- endend slavery
- left bitterness on both sides
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What was lincolns attitude on reconstuction?
- southern states had not left the union
- confederates were rebels
- wanted to pardon the rebels
- wanted to restore the union as it was, but without slavery
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What were the radical republicans attidtude on reconstuction?
- states had succedded and needed to be reemeitted
- wanted to punish south,give blacks political rights, set up biracial governments
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What was the blacks attitude toward reconstuction?
- beleived that freedom ment equality
- did try to streghten their istutions
- most ended up as sharecroppers
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What was the souths attitude toward reconstuction?
- wanted to return to prewar times as much as possible
- limit black rights
- blamed blacks for their problems
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What was lincolns 10 percent plan? did it pass?
- when 10 perent of the 1860 voters in a state take a loyaltiy oath, they could elect a new government and elect new memebers to congress
- congress rejected
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What was the wade- davis bill? Did it pass?
- When the majority take a loyaltiy oath in a state they could elect a new government and memebers to congress
- lincoln veoted
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What was the freedman's beurea?
- set up to help the freed slaves
- most successful in the area of education
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Why did Johnson have oppostistion?
- was a democrat
- southerner
- uncompromising
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What was johnsons plan for reconstuction?
- to be restored a state had to qualitfy under 10 percent plan and ratify 13th amendent(abolished slavery.
- status of blacks would be determined by states
- amnesty to all confederates who apply to the president
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What was the southern response to johnsons plan?
- by the end of 1865 every state but texas qualified
- elect memebers to congress including confederate leaders
- black codes- limit rights of blacks
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What did congress do to reject presidental reconstuction?
didnt seat the states eleceted representaives
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What was the civil rights act of 1866? what ammendement replaced this?
- gave blacks citizenship and protected their rights
- 14th
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What was the congression elections of 1866? What was the result?
- the south had to ratify the 14th ammendement to be reemitted
- johnson campaighned agaisnt 14th ammendement
- result- republicans won complete control of the government excpet presidenncy
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What was the first reconstuction act?
- set up 5 military districts in the south to run reconstruction
- state requirements- ratify 14th and write new constitions that protected black rights
- johnsons actions- appoints more moderate military commanders
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What was the tenure office act?
said president could not remove a cabinet memeber without consent from congress
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What was the command of army act?
said the president could not issue orders to the army except through the general of the army
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What did the house impeach johnson for?
- violating the tenure of office act
- he is acquitted by one vote
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What were the reults of the impeachment?
- maintatined the seperation of powers
- put congress in control of the governement for the next 40 years
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Who won the election of 1868? Why did he win?
- U.S grant the rebluican canidate
- because of the black vote
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What was the 15th ammendement?
gaurennteed blacks right to vote
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What was the civil rights act of 1875? did it pass?
- outlawed discrimination in public places
- but supreme court overturned it
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Were many blacks that served in the government well educated?
yes
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Who were carpetbaggers?
northerners who came south to carry out reconstuction
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Who were scalawags?
southern whites who copperated with reconstuction
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What did republican legislautures make contributions to?
economic rebuliding anf public education
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Who where the redeemers?
white southerners who tried to end reconstuction
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Who was the ku klux klan?
goal was to end reconstuction through intimidation and violence
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What did the force bill give grant the power to do?
use the army to stop the kkk
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What was the amnesty act?
gave former confederates politial rights
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How did the south by pass the 15th ammendement?
- poll tax
- literacy test
- grandfather clause
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What was the grandfather clause?
you could vote if you father or grandfather was eliglibe to vote in 1860
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Did the north get tired of reconstuction?
yes
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Who were the canidates of the election of 1876?
- rep. Rutherford B. Hayes
- dem. - Samuel Tilden
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What were the reulsts of the election of 1876?
- Tilden- 51% of pop. vote 184 electorial
- Hayes- 49% of pop. vote 164 elctorial
- disputed votes 21- (2 sets of return from la, fl, sc.)
- neeeded 185 to win
- commission set up to determine who got disputed votes
- hayes got them all and won
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What was the compromise of 1877?
- hayes is president
- reconstuction was ended by removing federal troops
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What was the legacy of civil war and reconstruction?
- abolition of slavery and constitional guarantee of black rights
- discrimination against blacks and continuance of racisim
- supremenacy of federal government over states rights
- formation of solid south
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What were the jim crow laws?
segregated public places in south by law
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what was the solid south?
the south always voted for democrats
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