Fungi 2

•Boletes - Produce spores on surface of pores instead of gills

basidiomycota (club) fungi that

•Grow horizontally from bark or dead wood

• Both Basidiomycota- club fungi
• •Puffballs - Spores released from pore at
• top.

• Bird’s nest fungi - Egglike bodies contain
• basidiospores

–Smuts

•    oGrain crops
•       -Mycelium absorbs nutrients from
• host cells.
•     -Secrete substances that stimulate
• host cells to form tumors

And

• –Rusts -
• Attack a wide variety of plants

• oBlack stem rust - Requires two
• hosts

–Poisonous

• oFewer
• than 75 of the approximately 25,000 described species are poisonous.

–Food

• oShiitake
• mushrooms

• «High in protein, calcium,
• phosphorous, and iron.

oPortabella mushrooms

–Lentinacin and other pharmaceutical extracts

–Nutrient recycling in soil

impect fungi

Only asexually by conidia

, no sexual observed.

–Penicillium

oAntibiotics

oGourmet cheese

–Aspergillus

oCitric acid, soy sauce, miso, artificial flavoring

oPhotographic developers, dyes

oAspergilloses (respiratory disease), athlete’s foot

Aflotoxin (carcinogen

• •Crustose - Attached to or embedded in
• substrate over entire lower surface

• •Foliose - Contain leaf-like thalli which
• often overlap

• •Fruticose - Resemble miniature upright
• shrubs, or hang down in festoons from branches.

• •Exceptionally sensitive to
• pollution

–Sulfur dioxide

• oPossible to calculate amount of
• sulfur dioxide present in air solely by mapping occurrence or disappearance of
• certain lichens.

–Nuclear radiation

•Degradation of historic structures

• •Food for animals - Reindeer eat fruticose
• lichen.

•Food supplements

•Antibiotic properties

•Dyes

Lichen