BUS472 Midterm

A PMO, or Project _______ Office, is an organizational group of responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization.

In the ___________, you use a similar project's WBS as a starting point.

___________ is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any immediatelyfollowing activities.

____ estimates involve estimating individual work items or activities and summing them to get a project total.

Activity ____ involves estimating the number of work periods that are needed to complete individual activities.

____ is a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization.

Project ____ management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved with the project.

A(n) ____ estimate provides an estimate of what a project will cost.

____ processes are especially important for information technology projects because once a project team implements a new system, it takes a considerable amount of effort to change the system.

Project managers have the least amount of authority in a pure ____ organizational structure.

A common ____ process is performance reporting, where project stakeholders can identify any necessary changes that may be required to keep the project on track.

____ is a problem-solving approach that requires defining the scope of the system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs.

The goal of ____ is to know the status of the schedule, influence the factors that cause schedule changes, determine that the schedule has changed, and manage changes when they occur.

____ tools, sometimes referred to as enterprise project management software, provide robust capabilities to handle very large projects.

____ involves allocating the overall cost estimate to individual work items to establish a baseline for measuring performance.

A(n) ____ estimate is used for making many purchasing decisions for which accurate estimates are required and for estimating final project costs.

A(n) ____occurs when two or more activities follow a single node.

A preliminary or rough cost estimate is developed in the ____ phase, and an overview of the work involved iscreated.

In a(n) ____ relationship the “from” activity cannot start until the “to” activity is started.

____ is the earned value minus the actual cost.

____ costs should be forgotten.

The ____ is the ratio of earned value to planned value and can be used to estimate the projected time to complete the project.

A(n) ____ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project.

____ estimates use the actual cost of a previous, similar project as the basis for estimating the cost of the current project.

Many companies have realized that information technology is integral to their business and have created a vice president or equivalent-level position for the head of information technology, often called the ____.

____ involves controlling changes to project scope, which is a challenge on many information technology projects.

____ are those costs that an organization can easily measure in dollars.

The limitations of scope, time, and cost goals are sometimes referred to as the triple ____.

A(n) ____ is a hierarchical structure that identifies the project’s resources by category and type.

It is generally most difficult to describe, agree upon, and meet the ____ goal of many projects.

____ provide(s) a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities andtheir corresponding start and finish dates in a calendar format.

In the ____ phase, the project team creates a definitive or very accurate cost estimate, delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders.

In the ____ phase, the project team creates more detailed project plans, a more accurate cost estimate, and a more thorough WBS.

In the example of the project of building a house, the ____ would normally be the general contractor responsible for building the house.

Which of the following processes is a closing process?

The ____ tasks vary the most from project to project.

The Project Time Management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activity of schedule control.

____ issues cause the most conflict over the life of a project.

Which of the following processes is a monitoring and controlling process?

The ____ life cycle model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype.

What is the ideal order that project team and key stakeholders should follow to satisfy the triple constraint?

____ thinking describes a holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization.

Project managers have the most authority in a pure ____ organizational structure.

Summary charts made with enterprise project management software often show status as green to indicate things are going well, ____ to indicate that there are some problems, and ____ to indicate major problems.

Project managers often use the ____ approach for projects that represent entirely new systems or approaches to doing a job, or to help create buy-in and synergy with a project team.

Good ____ is very important to project success because it helps improve the accuracy of time, cost, and resource estimates, it defines a baseline for performance measurement and project control, and it aides in communicating clear work responsibilities.

A Gantt chart displays a project’s start and finish dates in a ____ format.

The critical path is the ____ path through a network diagram, and it represents the ____ time it takes to complete a project.

The ____ provide(s) schedule-related information about each activity, such as predecessors, successors, logical relationships, leads and lags, resource requirements, constraints, imposed dates, and assumptions related to theactivity.

A(n) ____ organizational structure is the hierarchy most people think of when picturing an organizational chart.

____ involves formalizing acceptance of the project scope. Key project stakeholders, such as the customer and sponsor for the project, inspect and then formally accept the deliverables of the project during this process.

The Project Cost Management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of cost estimating and cost budgeting.

Administrative activities are often involved in ____, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project.

____ are the people involved in or affected by project activities and include the project sponsor, project team, support staff, customers, users, suppliers, and even opponents to the project.

Enterprise environmental factors, organizational process assets, the project scope statement, activity list, activity attributes, activity resource requirements, resource calendars, and the project management plan all include information that affect ____.

____ allow for future situations that may be partially planned for.

Many organizations claim that one of the advantages of using project management is ____.

During the early phases of a project, only ____ cause(s) more conflict than schedules.

The goal of the activity ____ process is to ensure that the project team has complete understanding of all the work they must do as part of the project scope so they can start scheduling the work.

Which of the following is a planning process falling under the Project Integration Management knowledge area?

The ____ is that portion of the approved total cost estimate planned to be spent on an activity during a given period.

The ____ is the ratio of earned value to actual cost and can be used to estimate the projected cost of completing the project.

The ____ for an activity is the latest possible time an activity might begin without delaying the project finish date.

The goal of scope ____ is to influence the factors that cause scope changes, assure changes are processed according to procedures developed as part of integrated change control, and manage changes when they occur.

A project ____ is a collection of project phases.

What works on one project may not work on another, so it is essential for project managers to continue to develop their knowledge and ____ in managing projects.

The ultimate goal of ____ is to create a realistic project schedule that provides a basis for monitoring project progress for the time dimension of the project.

Scope ____ involves formal acceptance of the completed project scope by the stakeholders.

The ____ is the ratio of actual work completed to the percentage of work planned to have been completed at any given time during the life of the project or activity

The cost baseline, performance reports, change requests, and project funding requirements are inputs to the cost____ process.

Project managers should focus on ____ costs, since they can control them.

The Project Procurement Management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of requesting seller responses and selecting sellers.

One unique feature of the ____ life cycle model is that developers program in pairs to promote synergy and increase productivity.

Which of the following is an output of Human resource planning?

The ____ is an estimate of the value of the physical work actually completed.

PMI provides certification as a Project Management ____ (PMP)--someone who has documented sufficient project experience, agreed to follow the PMI code of professional conduct, and demonstrated knowledge of the field of project management by passing a comprehensive examination.

Because a project often requires resources from various areas, many projects cross ____ or other boundaries to achieve their unique purpose.

____ processes include devising and maintaining a workable scheme to ensure that the project addresses the organization’s needs.

In early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually ____ and the level of uncertainty is ____.

Having team members help create a detailed schedule and provide timely status information is an example of____.

The main goal of the cost ____ process is to produce a cost baseline for measuring project performance and project funding requirements.

____ costs are costs that are not directly related to the products or services of the project, but are indirectly related to performing the project.

A(n) ____ focuses on long-term goals and big-picture objectives, while inspiring people to reach those goals.

Project ____ management involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully.

In a(n) ____ organizational structure, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers.

The ____ is the total direct and indirect costs incurred in accomplishing work on an activity during a given period.

____ dependencies involve relationships between project and non-project activities.

In the example of the project of building a house, the sponsors would be the potential ____.

____ is a method for determining the estimated annual costs and benefits for a project and the resulting annual cash flow.

Outputs from ____ include performance measurements, requested changes, recommended corrective actions, and updates to the schedule model data, the schedule baseline, organizational process assets, the activity list and attributes, and the project management plan.

____ is the ratio of revenues to profits.

The project ____ usually provides direction and funding for the project.

The longest path through a network diagram that determines the earliest completion of a project is called the____ path.

A(n) ____ is a time-phased budget that project managers use to measure and monitor cost performance.

The ____ should list and describe all of the deliverables required for the project.

The ____ approach involves refining the work into greater and greater levels of detail.

The Project Communications Management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activity of information distribution.

A(n) ____ estimate is used to allocate money into an organization’s budget.

Project ____ management involves generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information.

The term ____ describes a product produced as part of a project.