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Functional age
A combination of the chronologic, physiologic, mental, and emotional ages.
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Average life expectancy
The number of years that an individual born in a particular year can expect to live, starting at any given age
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Average healthy life expectancy
The number of years a person born in a particular year can expect to live in full health, without diseases or injury
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Macular degeneration
When light sensitive cells break down in older adults and central vision blurs and gradually is lost.
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Basic self-care tasks requiring one to live on one's own, such as bathing, dressing, getting in and out of bed or eating
Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
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Task of cognitive competence, such as telephoning, shopping, food preparation, housekeeping and paying bills.
Instrumental activities of Daily Living (IADL)
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The immune system is more likely to malfunction by turning against normal body tissues
Autoimmune Response
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A condition in which breathing ceases for 10 seconds or longer, resulting in many brief awakenings.
Sleep apnea
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How many hours of sleep do old people need?
About 7 hours; as much as young people.
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Severe impairment or loss of intellectual capacity and personality integration,due to the loss of or damage to neurons in the brain
Dementia
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Disorientation
Unaware of who you are: person, where you are; place and when it is time
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The most common form of dementia in which structural and chemical brain detereoration is associated with gradual loss of many aspects of thought and behavior
Alzheimer's disease
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A series of strokes leaves areas of dead brain cells, producing step-by-step degeneration of mental ability, which each step occuring abruptly after a stroke
Cerebrovascular Dementia
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What are the 3 types of memory
- 1. Memory recognition- Automatic
- 2. Cue recall - Hint
- 3. Free recall - Explicit. Reduces the most with age
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Associative memory deficit
Difficulty creating and retrieving links between pieces of information.
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Selective optimization with compensation
Narrowing their goals, they select personally valued activities to optimize (maximize) returns from their diminishing energy.
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Wisdom
A range of experiences that enhance expertise in the conduct and meaning of life
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Ego integrity vs. Despair
A feeling of whole, complete, satisfaction with your acheivements versus failure
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A term used for those who invested alot of time and energy into their career and once they are retired, are trying to affirm thier self-worth through, friends, family and communtiy
Ego differentiation
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Acknowledging physical limitations by emphasizing the compensating rewards of cognitive, emotional and social capabilities
Body transcendence
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A cosmic and transcendent perspective directed forward and outward, beyond the self
Gerotranscendence
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Affect optimization
The ability to maximize positve emotion and minimize negative emotion
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Telling stories about people and events from their past and reporting associated thoughts and feeling
Reminiscence
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Dependency-support script
Dependent behavoirs are attended to immidiately
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Independence ignore script
Independent behaviors are mostly ignored
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Activity Theory
When the elderly lose their common roles and try to find other roles to stay active
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Continuous Theory
A theory in which most elders strive to continue their significance by finding interest and roles that promote self satisfacion by engaging if familiar acts and socializing with familiar people
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Socioemotional selective theory
Selecting friends and associates that have the potential to be life long friends
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Ego transcendence
Acknowleging that death is emminent and making efforts to have a more secure meaningful life by gratifying to the younger generation
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Why do most elderly individuals live in cities?
They have more access to transporatation, clinics, and social services
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What are some advantages for an elderly person living in a small town?
- 1. People are more friendly
- 2. Less crime
- 3. Share common interst/beleifs and the elederly tend to 4. Closer relationships
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Aging in place
Remaining in a familiar setting in which they have control over their everyday life
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What are some disadvantages to "Aging in place"?
Poverty stricken and loss of independent skills
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Why is it so hard to live in a nursing home?
- Loss of idependence and freedom
- Loss of privacy
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A long term care option that provides support services, including meals and monitoring resdients with physical and mental diability
Congregate Housing
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A range of alternative housing from independent housing, congregate housing and full nursing home care. Usually involves a fee
Life-care communities
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A cluster of family members and friends that provide support as we move through life
Social convoy
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What factors into a good long term marriage?
- Shared leisure activities
- Increase in positive communication
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Who retires early vs late and why?
Women retire earlier than men due to family responsibilities
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Optimal aging
The ability to minimize loss and maximize gains in social services and avialable resources
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Where do most people die?
In the hospital
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What are the 3 phases of death?
- 1. Agonal death - regular hearbeat disintegrates
- 2. Clinical death - a short interval in which resuscitation is still possible
- 3. Mortality - permanent death
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Brain death
Accepted definition of death - death of the brain
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Persistent vegitative state
A disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness.
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What is the thinking process of death from early adulthood to late adulthood
- Early adulthood - many avoid thinking about death
- Middle aduthood - begin to become aware that life will eventually end
- Late adulthood - pondering more about the process of dying rather than death itself
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Death anxiety
Less fear of death due to religious and social factors
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Appropriate death
The "good" death. Coming to terms that the end may be near and making the necessary arrangements to be as comfortable as possible
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Meeting a dying persons phsyical, social, emotional and spiritual needs
Hospice care
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Comfort care focused on protecting the quality of life rather than prolonging life
Palliative care
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Living will
A living will containing instructions for treatment
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Advanced directives
Instructions for treatment in the absence of consciousness
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Withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from a hopelessly ill patient
Passive euthanasia
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Euthanasia
Ending the life ot a person suffering from an incurable condition
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Physcian assisted suicide
Doctors comply with a suffering patient's request to end their natural life
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Bereavment
The experience of losing a loved one by death
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The intense physical and psycholigical distress that accompanies loss
Grief
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Culturally prescribed expressions of thoughs and feelings designed to help people work through their grief
Mourning
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A prolonged expected death
Anticipatory grieving
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Erikson stages from adolescece through old age
o 5. Identity vs Identity Confusion (12-20)
o 6. Intamacy vs Isolation (21 - 39)
o 7. Generativity vs Stagnation (40 - 59)
o 8. Integrity vs Despair (60>)
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Implicit memory
Memory without conscious awareness. Automatic recall.
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Recognition
Noticing when a stimulus is identical or similar to the one previously expereinced
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Recall
More challenging that recogniton because it involves remembering something not present
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Remembering to engage in planned actions in the future
Prospective memory
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