Nutrition

Which of the following is a feature of lactation?

Which of the following is the name of the vitamin A compound that is active in the visual response? 

Which of the following is a feature of energy intake and longevity?

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D nutrition in the elderly?

Which of the following is the most likely side effect for a person who regularly consumes large quantities of carrots or carrot juice? 

Which of the following nutrients need to be supplied first by solid foods in a baby's diet? Vitamin C and iron

Which of the following substances is known to adversely affect folate utilization?  Regular use of antacids

Which of the following is a feature of leptin?  It is a satiety signal

Which of the following is a major function of magnesium?  Catalyst in energy metabolism

Which of the following represents a good age to introduce solid foods to infants? Five months

Which of the following is the most likely reason that teachers promote the consumption of midmorning snacks for children?  It provides carbohydrate for maintenance of blood glucose and brain function

Which of the following may be effective at reducing the risk for preeclampsia? Exercise

Which of the following represents the most reliable dietary source of zinc? Meats and whole-grain cereals

Which of the following is the most reliable source of vitamin D in the diet? Fortified milk

Which of the following is known to speed up the passage of substances through the large intestine, thereby decreasing exposure time to carcinogens? fiber

Which of the following is a risk of consuming calcium supplements above the UL?   Kidney stone formation

Which of the following is a feature of the lipoprotein lipase enzyme? Its activities in men and women are sex-related and explain the differences in major fat storage regions of the body

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?   Biotin

Which of the following is associated with energy metabolism of the preschool child?   A 1-year-old who needs 800 kcal/day would require only about 1600 kcal at 6 years of age

Which of the following is a feature of protein nutrition in physical activity? Protein is not a major fuel for physical activity

Which of the following is known to require vitamin K for its synthesis?   Prothrombin

Which of the following should not be used to feed an infant? Whole milk

Which of the following is the most prevalent nutrient deficiency among U.S. and Canadian children? Iron

Which of the following is a major function of chloride? Helps maintain gastric acidity

Which of the following nutrients are required in higher amounts during pregnancy due to their roles in the synthesis of red blood cells? Folate and vitamin B12

Which of the following represents the most likely cause of manganese toxicity?  Inhalation of dust contaminated with manganese

Which of the following would be the minimum amount of dietary iron known to impair zinc absorption in an individual with a zinc intake of 15 mg?   30 mg

Which of the following is the standard classification for a low-birthweight infant?  5 lbs or less

Which of the following is the primary function of potassium?Acts as principal intracellular electrolyte

Which of the following is a feature of the body's response to engaging in physical activity? After an intense and vigorous workout, metabolism remains elevated for several hours

Which of the following is a role for diet in physical activity? Diets lacking in carbohydrates lead to increased amino acid utilization for fuel

Which of the following is a feature of food choices and eating habits of older people?  People over 65 are less likely to lose weight by dieting than are younger people

Which of the following is not a common feature of gout? It is treated by reducing intake of milk products

Which of the following vitamins is involved substantially in energy transformation reactions? Riboflavin

Which of the following vitamins is stored primarily in muscle tissue?   Vitamin B6

Which of the following is characteristic of calcium nutrition in teenagers? The intake of calcium is higher in boys than girls because they eat more food

Which of the following is a characteristic of fat cell development?More and larger fat cells are found in obese people compared with healthy-weight persons

Which of the following may result from excessive intakes of vitamin D by adults? Mineral deposits in soft tissues such as the kidney

Which of the following is a feature of iron nutrition in athletes? Iron losses occur from accelerated destruction of fragile, older blood cells

Which of the following is the standard classification for a very-low-birthweight infant? 3  lbs or less

Which of the following is a feature of blood triglycerides and risk for coronary heart disease? Nonfasting triglyceride levels more strongly predict risk than fasting levels

Which of the following symptoms would ordinarily not be found in individuals with iron-deficiency anemia? Diminished sense of smell

Which of the following is a general characteristic of sodium in processed foods?  Salted peanuts contain less sodium than cereals on a per-gram basis

Which of the following is a general property of the minerals? When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash

Which of the following is a feature of the stress response in men and women?    Women's general reactions to stress are different than those of men

Which of the following is a feature of energy metabolism in formerly obese people who have lost weight?  Energy requirements are lower than expected for their current body weight

Which of the following is a feature of ghrelin?  It stimulates appetite and energy storage

Which of the following is characteristic of the tocopherols? They are usually found in foods high in polyunsaturated fats        

Which of the following vitamins is usually found in a form that is bound to one or more glutamic acid molecules in food?   Folate

Which of the following is currently accepted as a medical treatment in the United States? Radiation therapy

Which of the following is likely to induce vitamin A toxicity in adults? Consuming high-dose vitamin A supplements

Which of the following is a feature of the WIC program? It saves an estimated $3 in medical costs in the first two months after birth for every dollar spent

Which of the following is a characteristic of HIV or AIDS? AIDS develops from HIV infection   

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin E supplementation and physical activity? Some studies show that vitamin E in high doses seems to protect against exercise-induced oxidative stress whereas others show the opposite 

Which of the following is a feature of physical activity recommendations? The same level of effectiveness can be achieved by dividing the activity in shorter sessions throughout the day 

Which of the following is a feature of elderly people and water metabolism?    They do not feel thirsty or recognize dryness of the mouth 

Which of the following is associated with bifidus factors?    Increased bacterial growth 

Which of the following is a feature of calcium nutrition in the elderly? Calcium intakes are well below recommendations 

Which of the following is a function of prolactin?    It acts on mammary glands to promote milk production 

Which of the following practices is not among the recommendations to help children develop an interest in vegetables? Serve vegetables with the promise that after they are eaten, dessert will follow 

Which of the following is a sure sign that muscles are using their maximum amount of energy from fat?    Breathing is easy 

Which of the following is most likely to occur from a prolonged dietary deficiency of vitamin A? Xerophthalmia 

Which of the following symptoms is indicative of a deficiency of vitamin C?    Subcutaneous pinpoint hemorrhages 

Which of the following substances is found in corn and contributes to the development of pellagra? Leucine 

Which of the following is responsible for transporting vitamin A from the liver to other tissues? Retinol-binding protein 

Which of the following would represent a source of possible iron contamination?    An iron frypan 

Which of the following is a feature of ghrelin?    Its blood concentration is very high in people with anorexia nervosa 

Which of the following is not a satiating hormone? Ghrelin 

Which of the following is a feature of the DASH diet?    It works synergistically with reduction of sodium intake 

Which of the following is an effect of alcohol intake in the mother who breastfeeds?    It alters the flavor 

Which of the following vitamins has an RDA?    Cobalamin 

Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes?    It is an autoimmune disorder 

Which of the following properties do vitamins D and K share?    Both are synthesized in the body 

Which of the following is a feature of water metabolism during exercise?    Sweat losses can exceed the capacity of the GI tract to absorb water, resulting in some degree of dehydration 

Which of the following is a feature of specific ergogenic aids? Caffeine may enhance short-term, high-intensity performance 

Which of the following is a feature of sports anemia? It is not a true iron-deficiency anemia 

Which of the following vitamins is known to sustain substantial losses during processing of food? Pantothenic acid 

Which of the following is a function of trabecular bone?    Storage site for calcium 

Which of the following is a characteristic of the body's major types of adipose tissue? Very little brown fat is found in adults whereas more is seen in infants 

Which of the following is a characteristic of aging and the immune system? Antibiotics are often ineffective in treating older people who have deficient immune systems 

Which of the following represents the order of the stages of iron deficiency? Iron stores decline - iron transport diminishes - hemoglobin synthesis falls 

Which of the following is a characteristic of drug therapy for hypertension?     Antihypertensive drugs work by lowering blood volume 

Which of the following is a symptom of potassium deficiency? Muscle weakness 

Which of the following is one of the recommendations to treat pregnancy-associated heartburn?    Eat many small meals 

Which of the following is present in highest concentration in soft water?    Sodium 

Which of the following is a characteristic of factors associated with hypertension? African Americans develop high blood pressure earlier in life and their average blood pressure is higher than whites' 

Which of the following is a characteristic of arterial plaque? Size of the plaque is not as important as composition 

Which of the following is a feature of physical inactivity and energy balance?  Differences in the time obese and lean people spend lying, sitting, standing, and moving account for about 350 kcalories per day 

Which of the following would be the most appropriate food source of iodide for a person who lives inland?    Iodized table salt 

Which of the following would most likely result from an excessive intake of iodine? Thyroid gland enlargement 

Which of the following population groups is least susceptible to iron-deficiency anemia?    Men 20-45 years of age 

Which of the following is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?    It is associated with clumps of beta-amyloid protein in the brain 

Which of the following is a property of conditioned muscles? They can store more glycogen 

Which of the following trace minerals is known to be involved in bone development?    Silicon 

Which of the following vitamins is known to deactivate histamine, a substance that causes nasal congestion?    Vitamin C 

Which of the following is characteristic of children who regularly eat breakfast or skip breakfast? Breakfast-skippers actually show lower scores on IQ tests than those who eat breakfast 

Which of the following is the primary factor in the development of milk anemia?    Excessive intake of cow's milk 

Which of the following foods seems to benefit rheumatoid arthritis in some people?    Olive oil 

Which of the following is a leading cause of both blindness and kidney failure?              Diabetes 

Which of the following nutrients taken as a prenatal supplement has been found to be associated with a lower incidence of neural tube defects?  Folate