________ is defined as an inferred process within a person or animal, which causes that organism to move toward a goal or away from an unpleasant situation.
C)
For many decades, the study of motivation was dominated by a focus on_______
C)
________ is a state of tension resulting from the deprivation of physical needs, such as those for food and water.
C)
The pursuit of an activity for its own sake is called _______
A)
Which of the following is an example of an intrinsically motivated behavior? _______
D)
The pursuit of an activity for external rewards is called _______
D)
________ is the genetically influenced weight range of an individual, maintained by biological mechanisms that regulate food intake, fat reserves, and metabolism.
A)
Although many factors interact to influence body weight, ________ is probably the most important.
B)
The heritability of weight and body fat is estimated to be _______
D)
Human evolution seems to have predisposed the body to ______
D)
11) When crop failures are common in a country, then ______
B)
When obese women combined diet and moderate physical activity, ______
A)
________ is an eating disorder characterized by a fear of being fat, a distorted body image, radically reduced consumption of food, and emaciation.
D)
An eating disorder characterized by episodes of excessive eating followed by forced vomiting or the use of laxatives is called ______
C)
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to eating disorders? ______
D)
Rising rates of obesity are best explained by ______
C)
Which of the following is NOT an attachment style in love relationships? ______
B)
About ________ of adults experience secure attachments in romantic relationships.
B)
About ________ of adults experience secure attachments in romantic relationships. 18) ______
B)
How do the three primary ingredients of love (passion, intimacy, and commitment) change over time in a relationship? 20) ______
A)
Based on the gender stereotypes of contemporary Western society, a women might express feelings of love ________ whereas a man might express feelings of love ________ 21) ______
D)
Which of the following is NOT one of the findings of Kinsey's research? 22) ______
C)
Which of the following is NOT one of the six factors listed in the text as underlying reasons for having sex? 23) ______
A) Partner approval B) Necessity or obligation
C) Intimacy D) Peer approval
B
Studies of hundreds of college students and older adults found that in motivation for sex 24) ______
C)
Risky sexual behaviors, such as sex with many partners and a failure to use birth control, are strongly associated with which motives for sex? 25) ______
B)
A nationally representative survey of Americans between the ages of 18 and 59 was conducted to study gender and perceptions of sexual coercion. The results showed that about ________ of the women said that a man had forced them to do something sexually that they did not want to do. 26) ______
A)
Which of the following statements is NOT supported by research? 27) ______
B)
Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for rape given in the text? 28) ______
A)
Which of the following would be predicted by the traditional evolutionary view of sexual scripts? 29) ______
A)
Historically, when women have needed a relationship for financial security, sex was regarded as 30) ______
A) an asset to be rationed to achieve a goal. B) an art to cultivate, like the art of cooking.
C) an act to be "gotten through" quickly. D) a pleasurable activity to be enjoyed.
A
Research concerning the riddle of sexual orientation suggests that 31) ______
B)
The authors would be most likely to agree with all of the following statements about work EXCEPT 32) ______
C)
________ is a learned motive to meet personal standards of success and excellence in a chosen area. 33) ______
A) The need for performance B) The need for power
C) The need for status D) The need for achievement
D
Dr. Boatwright asks a client to interpret a series of drawings that show scenes of people. Which of the following tests is she administering? 34) ______
A)
________ are positive experiences that you seek directly. 35) ______
A) Mastery goals B) Learning goals
C) Approach goals D) Performance goals
C
________ involve the effort to avoid unpleasant experiences. 36) ______
A) Performance goals B) Avoidance goals
C) Learning goals D) Mastery goals
B
For a goal to improve motivation and performance, it should meet all of the following conditions EXCEPT 37) ______
A) the goal is performance-oriented. B) the goal is specific.
C) the goal is challenging. D) the goal is an approach goal.
A
Evan wants to earn a black belt in karate. Which way of thinking is most likely to help Evan reach his goal? 38) ______
C)
Katarina has the conviction that she can do what she set out to do, whether it is mastering a new skill or reaching her goal to become a U.S. citizen. Psychologists call this feeling of competence 39) ______
A) the need for achievement. B) a performance goal.
C) self-efficacy. D) drive.
C
People who ________ are quick to cope with problems that befall them and keep striving for their goals even in the face of failure. 40) ______
D)
An expectation that comes true because of the tendency of the person holding it to act in ways that bring it about is called 41) ______
A) a mastery goal. B) self-efficacy.
C) an approach goal. D) a self-fulfilling prophecy.
D
Which of the following work conditions is NOT likely to increase work motivation and satisfaction? 42) ______
A)
Which of the following is an example of an approach-approach conflict? 43) ______
D)
Which of the following is an example of an avoidance-avoidance conflict? 44) ______
B)
Nari wants to be a stay-at-home mom but worries that she won't be able to return to her career. This illustrates a/n 45) ______
A) avoidance-avoidance conflict. B) approach-approach conflict.
C) multiple approach-avoidance conflict. D) approach-avoidance conflict.
D
Maslow envisioned people's motives as a pyramid. The first needs (the foundation) to be satisfied were 46) ______
B)
In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the top level of the pyramid? 47) ______
A) Security needs B) Esteem needs
C) Self-actualization D) Social needs
