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Viruses Ppt.

  1. Viruses are not __. They are __. They are very small __ (__) particles. 
    They are __, meaning they ust do what in order to reproduce.
    • cells; acellular
    • infectious (replicating)
    • obligate, intracellular parasites
    • infect a host cell and take over that cell's metabolism
  2. What is the capsid?
    the protein coat around nucleic acid
  3. Viral envelopes are derived from __.
    host cell's membrane
  4. Polio virus only infects __.
    primate cells
  5. Variola (smallpox) virus only infects __.
    human cells
  6. Plant viruses only infect __.
    plant cells
  7. What are the three steps in virus replication.
    • attachment
    • penetration (entry)
    • uncoating
  8. Virus attachment is dependent on what?
    specific receptors on the surface of the host cell
  9. What viruses use the lytic/ lysogenic cycle?
    phages
  10. What are the steps of lytic reproduction?
    • attachment
    • entry of phage DNA (penetration) and degradation of host DNA
    • Synthesis of viral genomes and proteins
    • Self-assembly
    • Release (lysis)
  11. What is different about phages that animal viruses do not do?
    Unlike animal viruses that attach, penetrate, and then uncoat, phages' penetration IS their uncoating. They attach and uncoat as they penetrate. Their nucleic acid penetrates into the cytoplasm, but their capsid does not.
  12. Prophage=?
    provirus= viral DNA incorporated into cellular DNA
  13. What are the steps to the lysogenic cycle?
    • Attachment
    • Penetration (uncoating)
    • Integration
    • Replication
  14. True or False:
    In the lysogenic cycle, the host bacterium becomes unhealthy and dies.
    • FALSE
    • In the lysogenic cycle, the host bacterium remains healthy and reproduces.
  15. What causes a switch from the lysogenic to the lytic cycle?
    environmental signal
  16. Phages that use both the lytic and lysogenic cycle are called __.
    temperate phages
  17. Viroids infect what?
    plants
  18. Prions infect what?
    animals
  19. Explain viroids.
    • infectious
    • no protein
    • just nucleic acid
    • pathogen
    • affect plant growth
  20. Explain prions.
    • reproduce, multiply, and infect other organisms
    • cause brain diseases in mammals
  21. the viral envelope has __
    glycoprotein spikes
  22. What gives a virus its shape?
    protein coat
  23. What changes shape to fit the other, the virus or the receptor?
    the virus
Author
DesLee26
ID
187848
Card Set
Viruses Ppt.
Description
Final
Updated

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