Terminology - CH 20

Supportive and connective cells of the nervous system

The basic unit of the nervous system

the central controlling structure essential to the cell's life

weblike membrane between the dura mater and the pia mater of the meninges

system concerned with the activities conducted automatically by certain peripheral nerves

a long, straight fiber originating from a cell body and ending in a brushlike tip; its purpose it to conduct impulses away from the cell body

part of the cell that contain the nucleus and surrounding cytoplasm

brain and spinal cord

second largest division of the brain; "little brain"

outer surface of the cerebrum that is responsible for the generation of impulses

largest part of the brain

four sections of the spinal cord

horn-like projection of the lateral ventricle reaching into the frontal, occipital, and temporal lobes

short fibers that branch out from a cell body

section of the btrain between the midbrain and cerebrum

divisions of the spina nerve that enter the spinal cord at different points

outer membrane of meninges

part of the diencephalonthat contains the pineal body

anterior lobe of the brain that controls voluntary muscles

cluster of nerve cells

folds of the cerebral cortex forming elevated ridges

part of the diencephalon that contains centers for the control of body temperature, carbohydrate metabolism, fat metabolism, and emotions that affect heartbeat, blood pressure, appetite, and sexual reflexes

neurons that shuttle messages back and forth through the neural pathways

cavity of the brain extending from the frontal portion of the cerebral hemisphere to the posterior lobe

one part of the brainstem that regulates heart action, breathing, and circulation

membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

upper part of the brainstem

neurons that stimulate that contraction or relaxation of muscles and spur the activities of glands

white, fatty material that forms a sheath around most axons

supporting and connecting cells of the nervous system

physician who specializes in the study of the nervous system

surgeon who specializes in the surgical treatment of diseases of the nervous system

posterior lobe of the brain that governs vision

lobe of the brain that contains the sensory areas and determines distance, size, shape, taste, and the sensory aspects of speech

cranial and spinal nerves

inner membrane of meninges

interlocking network of nerves

part of the brainstem located between the midbrain and medulla oblongata

part of the composition of spinal nerves of both the autonomic and voluntary nervous systems

neurons that carry signals to the brain and spinal cord

parietal lobe

frontal lobe

depressions or grooves that separate gyri (convolutions)

junction between neurons

lobe of the brain that contains the auditory center for hearing impulses and determines the sense of smell

part of the dicephalon where nerve fibers from the spinal cord and lower part of the brain synapse with neurons leading to the cerebrum

central portion of the cerebellum

pertaining to the head

inflammation of the cerebellum

pertaining to the brain and spinal cord

incision through the cranium

the portion of the skull that encloses the brain

plastic repair of the dura mater

the brain

any disease of the brain

mass of nerve tissue composed principally of nerce bodies and lying outside the brain or spinal cord

pertaining to the meninges

inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord