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Generalist Social Work
- Incorporates needs of individual, community, oraganizations
- Offers broad range of interventions
- Organized into three function: consulting with client, managing their resources, and offering information to client and systems
- Work with them using their resources
- Look at all aspects
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Consultancy at the Microlevel
- Enabler Role
- individual (interviews)
- Work to resolve challenges in social functioning
- Facilitate client's discovery of solutions
- Help clients expand ability to problem solve
- Identify needs, clarify situations, develop capacity to deal with challenges
- Conditions for change are within the client
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Consultancy at the Mezzolevel
- Facilitator Role
- Group (Family)
- Work is primarily with formal groups and organizations
- Enhancing individual behavior comes through work with groups
- Brings in human service workers to enhance functioning
- Improve organization, administration, decision-making
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Consultancy at Macrolevel
- Planner Role
- Community (community organizer)
- Work with community or societal structures
- Assess needs that are currently unmet
- Goal setting
- Policy initiation
- Community planning
- Social planner must review both available resources and restraints
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Social Policies
- Laws: mandated reporting of child abuse; labor laws to protect children; Legislation enacted since 1921(often involve lobbying - advocating and educating
- Court Decisions: protect citizens from discrimination; ACLU; Southern Poverty Law Center
- Administrative Policy: affirmative action; civil service
- Programs - Services Offered: Meals on Wheels; Socialization
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Social Security Act of 1935
- Major source of public welfare programs for: poor, unemployed, elderly, have disabilities, children and families
- Amended several times
- Currently, 3 components or benefits: unemployment insurance, insurance for the elderly, payments to those who are orphaned or suffer from certain disabilities
- Baby Boomers: born 1946-1964; 76 million; estimated 10,000 will become eligible each day for the next 20 years
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4 Areas of public domain of Social Work
- Poverty and the poor
- The criminal justice system
- Unemployment
- The homeless
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Classification of the Poor
- Transitional Poor: temporary, short-term due to changing conditions
- Marginal Poor: due to under employment, earn barely enough to make ends meet; may not have medical or retirement benefits
- Residual Poor: remain in poverty over long periods of time, even generations
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Project Head Start
- Service program designed to address issues of poverty
- Established in 1965
- Improves access to early childhood education to those who have income below poverty level
- Identify children with disabilities
- Family support services: employment, housing, parenting, substance abuse; Provide access to health care, nutrition, social services
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Restorative Justice
- Focus is on: offender, victim, community
- Hold offender accountable
- Restore victim and community back to whole by having offender make "repairs": restitution, community service(DWI working with brain injured patients; criminal mischief restoring houses)
- Pay fine
- May involve mediation
- Mediation may not be feasable
- Crime victim impact statements
- Crime victim boards
- Restitution: funding comes from fines, asset fortfeiture
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The Empowerment Process
- 1) Forming Partnerships: wants and accepts services, need interpersonal skills
- 2) Articulating Situations: establish a dialogue
- 3) Defining Directions: establish priorities, goals, objectives
- 4) Identifying Strengths: client can formulate solutions, enhance involvement
- 5)Assessing Resource Capabilities: gather info, identify resources to help them meet needs
- 6) Framing Solutions: develop goals and objectives, specify plan of action
- 7) Activating Resources: initiating actions that will result in achieving the desired outcome
- 8) Creating Alliances: empowerment groups, support networks
- 9) Expanding Opportunities: edu, political involvement, a job, community involvement
- 10) Recognizing Success: progress evaluation, outcome assessment
- 11) Integrating Gains: process comes to a close, change continues
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Hospice
- "house of rest"
- most non-profit
- inpatient, out patient, bereavement services for persons who's end-stage is terminal illness
- plans of care
- end of life care extends to the family and organizational and legislative policy advocacy to immprove care
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