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Lymphatic capillaries join to form what?
Lymphatic vessels
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These have valves to ensure one way flow
lymphatic vessels
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these are distributed along vessels and filter lymph
lymph nodes
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these drain tissues of the body and move lymph into major veins
lymphatic ducts
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the right lymphatic duct drains what three things?
right side of head, right upper limb, right thorax
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what parts of the body does the thoracic duct drain
everything the right lymphatic duct doesnt
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excess interstistial fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries and become what?
lymph
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what are the lymphatic capillaries that absorb dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine
lacteal
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the combination of fat and lymph in the lacteals is called
chyle
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microorganisms and other foriegn substances are filtered from the lymph by what? and from the blood by what?
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what are the 5 components of the lymphatic system
- lymphatic vessels
- lymph node
- the spleen
- thymus gland
- tonsils
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what is the lymphatic vessels function
transport lymph
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what is the function of the lymph nodes
cleanse the lymph
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what is the function of the spleen
cleanses the blood
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thymus gland facilitates what?
maturation of T lymphocytes
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tonsils protect what ?
the throat
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lymph is made from water plus solutes from what two sources
- plasma - ions, nutrients, gases, some protiens
- cells - hormones, enzymes, waste products
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lymp returns to the circulatory system via? This is essential for what?
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Where do lymphatic vessels carry lymph
away from tissues
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lymphatic capillaries are more or less permeable than blood capillaries ?
more
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what do the epithelium function as in the lymphatic capillaries?
one way valves
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in what parts of the body are lymphatic capillaries found?
all parts of the body except nervous system, bone marrow, and tissues without blood vessels
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what is the largest lymphoid organ
spleen
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what are the 3 groups of tonsils
- palatine - the "tonsils"
- pharyngeal - the adenoids
- lingual
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where ids the thymus located
superior mediastinum
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the thymus is the site of maturation for what cells
T Cells
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what are peyers patches
clusters of lymphoid follicles
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where are payers patches located
in the wall of the distal portion of the small interstine
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what are the 2 functions of the peyers patches
- destroy bacteria and prevent them form breaching the intestinal wall
- generate memory lymphocytes
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what is immunity?
the ability to resist damage from foriegn substances such as microorganisms and harmful chemicals
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innate or nonspecific resistance
physical barriers :
prevent entry or remove microbes, Skin, tears, saliva, mucous membranes, mucus
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innate or nonspecific resistance
Chemical mediators:
promote phagocytosis and inflammation
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innate or nonspecific resistance
Cells :
Involved in phagocytosis and production of chemicals
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Adaptive/aquired/specific immunity
specificity:
ability to recognize a particular substance
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Adaptive/aquired/specific immunity
memory:
ability to remeber previous encounters with a perticular substance and respond rapidly
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what is innate immunity
recognition of traits shared by broad ranges of pathogens, using a small set of receptors
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is innate immunity a rapid or slower response
rapid
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what are the 3 barrier defenses
- skin
- mucous membranes
- secretions
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internal defenses
- phagocytic cells
- antimicrobial protiens
- inflammatory response
- natural killer cells
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what is aquired immunity
recognition of traits specific to the particular pathogens, using a vast array of receptors
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is aquired immunity slow or rapid response
slower
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humoral response:
antibodies defend against infection in body fluids
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cell mediated response
cytotoxic lymphocytes defend against infection in the body cells
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what is adaptive immunity
involves the ability to recognize, respond to, and remeber a particular substance
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what are the 2 types of adaptive immunity
- humoral or antibody - mediated: B Cells
- Cell - Mediated - T Cells
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B Cells mature where?
bone marrow
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T Cells mature where?>
in the thymus
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