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Define Evolution
The process of change especially from a lower or simpler to a higher or more complex state
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Define adaption
A change in an organism or its parts that fits it better for the conditions of it's enviroment; a structure resulting from this change
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Define hominid
A near or near-direct ancestor of humans
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Define the Paleolithic Age (Pal, you're so old-style!)
Of, relating to, or being the second period of the Stone age marked by rough or crudely chipped stone implements
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Define a nomad
A member of a people that had no fixed home but moves from place to place
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Define hunter-gatherer
One that obtains food through hunting, fishing, and gathering rather than agriculture
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Define Migrate
To move from one place, country, or locality to another
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Define glacier
A large body of ice moving slowly down a slope or valley or spreading outward on a long surface
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Define language
The words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them used and understood by a large group of people.
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Define Neolithic
Also called the New Stone Age, when people changed from food gatherers to food producers
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Define agriculture
The science or occupation of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising live-stock
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Define revolution
A sudden, extreme, or complete change
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Define fertile
Producing vegitation or crops plentifully
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Define surplus
The amount more than needed
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Define domesticate
To adapt to living with human beings and to serve their purposes
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Define specialization
The development of different kinds of jobs
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Define metallurgy
The science of obtaining metals from their ores and preparing them for use
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Define irrigate
To supply with water by artificial means
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Define settlement
A small village
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Define animism
The belief that all natural things are alive and have their own spirits
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Paleolithic Age = ?
Old Stone Age
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? = Old Stone Age
Paleolithic Age
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When did the Pal. Age start
2,500,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE
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What is the main charateristic of the Paleolithic Age
Toolmaking
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Define Migration
to move from one location to another
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Why were did Paleolithic people possibly migrate? (4)
More people = Less food, climate changes, curiousity, or maybe exploration
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Hunter-gathers traveled in bans of how many people?
20-30
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Where did hunter-gatherers live?
caves or wood/bone shelters
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List three positives in the increase in amount/advanced tools and weapons
Increase in hunting ability, advantage over game, less risk.
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What were weapons made from in the Pal. age>
- Stone, bone, and wood.
- Ex: spear, arrows, and fish hooks
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Why did language come about?
To plan and cooperate during hunts
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Why was clothing invented?
(SUPPOSUDLY!!!) to keep warm
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Why is the control of fire so important?
Heat, light, cooking, and protection
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Cave paintings = ?
Ancient kind of art
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? = Ancient kind of art
Cave paintintgs
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name six possible reasons for cave paintings
Religious - animism, show power over animals, decoration, entertainment, history/identification, fertility
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Themes of cave paintings
Animals, shapes/sympols, and figures
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Who buried their dead first?
Neanderthanls
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What was a man's job in the Paleolithic age?
Hunting and fishing
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What was a woman's job in the paleolithic age?
gathered and cared for children
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Neolithic Age = ? = Neolithic Revolution
New Stone Age
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? = New Stone Age = neolithic revolution
Neolithic Age
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Neolithic Age = New Stone Age = ?
Neolithic revolution
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What were the first crops
Wheat and barley = grains
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Who were the first to domesticate?
Neolithic People
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Why domesticate?
Food/Materials, companionship/enjoyment, and labor/transportation
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Who were the first domesticated animals?
Dogs, sheep, cattle, pigs, and goats
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Why were certain animals domesticated and the others weren't?
Nutritous (taste good), easily fed, breed fast and grow fast, pleasant = easily imprisoned, and recognize human dominance.
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What were some problems of early farmers?
Nature and the elements, when and where to plant, and threats from neighbors.
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Define smelting
Heating ore and melting it which seperated the metal from the rock.
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What was the first metal?
Copper
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What was the effect of using copper?
Produced better tools and weapons
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What did better tools and weapons of the Neolithic age lead to?
More efficient farming tools, increase in trade, and new jobs created
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What were the first two villages? (Cave man!)
Jericho and Catal Huyuk
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When did agriculture start?
Neolithic age
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1st settlements when?
Neolithicc age
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What does the term reign mean?
the period during which a soverign occupies the throne
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What are the three early archaeology periods?
Iron, Stone, and Bronze Ages
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What does the term home territory mean?
an area where hunters and getherers lived
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