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DMI 100 Review Radiation Protection

  1. how many percent does natural background radiation account for human exposure?
    82%
  2. what is the greatest source of exposure to humans? how many percent?
    • radon
    • 55%
  3. name the different types of natural background radiation
    • radon
    • cosmic
    • internal
    • terrestial
  4. name the different types of natural man made radiation
    • diagnostic
    • consumer products
  5. how many percent does  man made radiation account for human exposure?
    18%
  6. how many rads are in 1 gray?
    100 rads
  7. 1 Roentgen equals how many coulomb per kg?
    2.58 x 10-4 C/kg
  8. 1 curie equals how many becquerels?
    3.7 x 1010 becquerels
  9. What does ICRP do?
    • international commision on radiological protection
    • conducts research and provides recommendations on radiation protection
  10. what does NCRP do?
    • national council on radiation protection
    • formulates and publishes research recommendations in the U.S.
  11. what does the NRC do?
    • nuclear regulatory commission
    • enforces radiation protection standards
  12. what does a linear-threshold graph look like and represent?
    • the line starts to the right of zero
    • this means any radiation to the left (lower doses) will have no response
    • when that threshold is exceeded, the response is directly proportional to the dose recieved
    • for ex cataracts
  13. what does a non linear threshold graph look like and represent?
    • curved graph starting to the right of zero
    • indicates that no response at lower doses (to the left of the graph)
    • when that threshold is exceeded, the response is not directly proportional
  14. linear non threshold represents what?
    • no level of radiation is safe
    • the degree of response to exposure is directly proportional to the amount of radiation recieved
  15. what does non linear non threshold graph represent?
    • no level of radiation can be safe
    • response is not directly proportional to the amount of radiation recieved
  16. what are stochastic effects?
    randomly occuring effects of radiation
  17. what are non stochastic effects or deterministic effects?
    effects that become more severe at high levels of radiation and do not occur below a certain threshold
  18. what is the occupational dose limit to the lens of the eye?
    15 rem
  19. what is the occupational dose limit to the skin, hands and feet?
    50 rem
  20. what is the annual dose limit for the general public with frequent exposure?
    0.1 rem
  21. what is the annual dose limit for the general public with limited exposure?
    0.5 rem
  22. what is the occupational dose limit to the embryo-fetus
  23. what is the total equivalent dose for the embryo during gestation?
    0.5 rem
  24. what is the equivalent dose for the embryo per month?
    0.05 rem
  25. what is the level of negligible risk to radiation?
    1 mrem per year
  26. what is the minimum source-to-skin distance for portable radiography?
    at least 12 inches
  27. what is the source-to-tabletop distance for fixed fluoroscopes?
    not less than 15 inches
  28. what is the source-to-tabletop distance for portable fluoroscopy? what is perferred?
    • not less than 12 inches
    • 15 inches perferred
  29. what is gsd?
    • genetically significant dose
    • if recieved by the entire population, would cause the same genetic injury as the total of doses recieved by the members actually being exposed
    • the average gonadal dose to the childbearing-age population
  30. how much lead does a radiographer have to wear? how much should they wear
    • must wear at least 0.25mm lead
    • should wear 0.5mm lead
  31. how thick does lead have to be for primary barriers?
    1/32
  32. how high does the wall that gets hit by a primary beam have to be?
    7 feet
  33. how thick does lead have to be for secondary barriers?
    1/32 inch
  34. how much overlap does a primary protective barrier over a secondary protective barrier be?
    1/2 inch
  35. x-ray control booth is considered as a primary or secondary protective barrier?
    secondary
  36. what kind of material does an OSL use to record dose?
    aluminum oxide
  37. the OSL is sensitive to how low of radiation?
    1 mrem
  38. What kind of material does a TLD use to record dose?
    lithium fluoride crystals
  39. the TLD is sensitive to how low of radiation?
    5 mrem
  40. What kind of material does a film badge use to record dose?
    • plastic case
    • film
    • filters
  41. film badges measure dose as low as?
    10 mrem
  42. uncontrolled areas' effective dose limit to the general public is how many rem?
    0.1 rem
  43. controlled areas' effective dose limit to the general public is how many rems?
    5 rems
  44. how is workload calculated to determine lead thickness?
    • mA min/wk
    • volume and types of exam performed in the room
  45. how thick does the bucky slot cover be?
    0.25mm lead
  46. how thick does the protective curtain have to be?
    0.25 mm
Author
swtjo3joe
ID
187248
Card Set
DMI 100 Review Radiation Protection
Description
Review of radiation protection
Updated

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