Muscular System

• 1) Generate movement
• 2) Stabalise joints
• 3) Maintain posture
• 4) Help regulate temperature control

• pumping of blood (back to the heart)
• storage of energy (glycogen)

• 1) Muscles
• 2) Tendons
• 3) Fascia

• 1) Brain impulse
• 2) Spinal cord
• 3) Peripheral nerve
• 4) Muscle contracts
• 5) Tendon pulls on bone
• 6) Movement around that joint

• 1) Smooth
• 2) Cardiac
• 3) Skeletal

Involuntary

Walls of internal vessels eg. arteries, intestines, oesophagus etc

Responsible for moving or stopping fluids and other materials.

Involuntary

Striated (striped) - looks similar to voluntary muscle under a microscope.

Produces the pump action of your heart.

Voluntary

'Striated' (striped)

Enables movement of the skeleton.

• 1) Contract (shorten)
• 2) Stop contracting (relax)

*muslces only pull, they do not push

• 1) Isometric
• Muscle contracts (is working) but no movement occurs eg. holding a stable plank.
• 2) Isotonic
• Muscle contracts and movement occurs. 
• - Concentric is the positive half of the action - shortening (lifting against gravity)
• - Eccentric is the negative half of the action - lengthening (controlled decent in direction of gravity) 

• 1) Concentric is the positive half of the action - shortening (lifting against gravity)
• 2) Eccentric is the negative half of the action - lengthening (controlled decent in direction of gravity)

• 1) Eccentric
• 2) Isometric
• 3) Concentric

Muscles can only move a joint which it crosses.

• 1) Agonist - prime mover(s) (muscle(s) in agony?)
• 2) Antagonist - opposing muscle(s) (usually the relaxed muscle)
• 3) Synergist(s) - assists (symbiotic?)
• 4) Stabilisers (Fixators) - muscle(s) that are working in the exercise but are not the main mover(s) / taking part in the main movement.

The prime mover(s) in a movement (muscle(s) in agony?)

The opposing muscle(s) in a movement (usually the relaxed muscle)

Muscles that assist (symbiotic?)

The muscle(s) that are working in the exercise but are not the main mover(s) / taking part in the main movement.

• 1) Muscle Belly
• 2) Attachment
• 3) Tendon
• 4) Fascia

Largest part of the muscle usually found in the middle.

Where the muscle is attached to  other structures (usually bone).

• 1) Origin - attachment whcih does not move or moves the least during exercise.
• 2) Insertion - attachment which moves the most during exercise.

• 1) Attaches muscle to bone.
• 2) Extension of muscle fascia
• 3) Very Strong - takes full force of muscle contraction.
• 4) Few or no nerve or blood vessels (takes longer to strengthen than muscle, could lead to injury)

• 1) 2 types - superficial and deep.
• 2) Allows free movement.
• 3) Contains passageways for nerves and blood vessels to reach muscles.
• 4) Inelastic and strong.