HIS 101 FALL 2012 Final Exam (real)

The first civilizations developed in river valleys of the ___-___, ___, ___ and ___.

Mesopotamia, land between the Tigris-Euphrates rivers, was developed by ___.

___ ___ was area with adequate rainfall for growing grains and grazing animals could find food.

___ ___ was responsible for establishing the world’s first empire.

___, a Babylonian king, is best known for developing a code of law.

The oldest existing literary work is the ___ of ___ in which king searches for power and immortality.

The ___ ___ contains the history of the Hebrews.

___, one of three Hebrew kings, guided Israel to its maximum power and splendor.

___ the Great of ___ is considered the greatest conqueror in the history of the ancient Near East.

The religion of ___ was based on ethical ideas and the struggle between good and evil.

Civilization in ___ began along the Indus River and the ___ Mountains separated India from the rest of Asia.

___’s climate is controlled by monsoon winds.

___ Maurya founded India’s first empire about 320 B.C.E.

___ Gautama was born a prince and renounced his birthright.  He defined the ___ ___ to happiness.

___’s reign was marked by peace an toleration.

Two epic Indian poems are ___ and ___.

___’s geography isolated it from other centers of civilization.  Chinese civilization originated in the valleys of the ___ and ___ rivers.

___ Dynasty rulers were often buried with hundreds of people.

The Mandate of Heaven was introduced by the ___ Dynasty as a way to legitimize its power.  The Mandate also gave the people the right to ___ against their rulers.

___ advanced the idea that government depends on the will of the people.  His primary concern was the improvement of ___ society.

___, one of several philosophies, supported the belief that people had to be forced into proper behavior through strict rules.

The __ First Emperor’s burial mound was filled with thousands of ___-___ figures which illustrated the ruler’s devotion to preparing for the afterlife.

The mountainous geography of ___ was a major factor in shaping ___ history.  The ___ or city-state was a direct result of the isolation of people due to its geography.

The ___ and ___, written by Homer, told the story of the Trojan War.

___, a legendary lawgiver, developed the Spartan military training system for young men.

The ___ War between Sparta and Athens, which was won by ___, weakened Greece and allowed it to be conquered Philip II of ___.

Alexander the Great’s armies conquered civilizations as far east as ___.  He had a divine mission to conquer lands and blend cultures.

The ___ Age spread Greek culture throughout the East.

___ was built on the banks of the Tiber River.

___ were small farmers, artisans, and dependents of landowners.  ___ were in control of the Roman Republic.

___, a Carthaginian general, almost defeated Rome in the Punic Wars fought between Carthage and ___.

The deaths of the ___ brothers indicated that the Roman Senate was corrupt and was not willing to make reforms.

Rome’s greatest gift to the world was in the areas of ___ and ___.

Roman life centered around the ___, the Circus Maximus and the ___ ___.

___ overthrew last Roman emperor in the West and established a government in Italy.

___ the Great founded Constantinople as the “New Rome”.

Paul, a successful missionary who traveled throughout the area, was an early follower of ___.

Rome established ___ ___ in the West while the Chinese under the leadership of ___ ___ were consolidated power in the East.

Civilization of the ___ developed on the Yucatan Peninsula.

The sacred __ court had life and death implications for those who played on it.

The founder ___ was Muhammad and the holy text of ___ is the Qur’an which contains the teachings of Muhammad.

The ___, the site of the Muslim religious shrine, is in Mecca.

Islamic society unifies civil and religious life.  The Five Pillars of Faith of the Islamic religion are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.       

___ represents the military force applied to converting non-believers to Islam.

Successful expansion of Islam occurred because of a fierce devotion to the concept of ___, ___ upheavals outside of Islam, and its  to convert and embrace peoples of many colors and cultures.

Shi’ites believe that the ___ should be a representative of the Islamic community serving with their consent.

Trade throughout the world was the key to economic prosperity for ___.

The ___ of the ___ controlled the trans-Saharan gold and salt trade.

___ sultanates traded with Asia and Europe.

The major influence of ___ in Africa was evidenced in the introduction of ___ money, bureaucratic ___ and the ___ language.

___ ___ was probably the first African ruler to be known throughout western Asia and Europe.

___ kings built great stoned palaces at Great Zimbabwe.

India’s “Golden Age” is traditionally associated with the ___ dynasty.

Indian sea routes passed through the ___ kingdom and were used by the Romans to ship ___ Road imports home.

Mahmud of ___ helped spread Islam through parts of India.

___ (also known as Genghis Khan) was the man behind the Mongol successes in building a large empire.

___ was the major tool used in Mongol conquests.

The major products traded between Europe and China in the age of the Mongol empire were ___ and ___.

The ___ brought the entire Eurasian landmass under single rule and promoted trade.

___ ___ is responsible for most of the knowledge about Kublai Khan and China under the Mongols.

China heavily influenced the culture of ___.  Government was based on the ___ or decentralized system.

___ were military men who owed obedience to the shogun in return for land.  In China, the ___ rose to positions dominance in Japanese government and society.

During the Middle Ages most education took place in the ___.

___ was one of the strongest medieval kings.  He was known for his conquest and efforts to establish ___ unity with an efficient government organization.

___ emerged as a decentralized government structure whereby a vassal swore loyalty and homage to a lord.  The ceremony known as ___ involved lord promising land to a vassal in return for his promise to fight.

Vassals were supported by income from a ___ (land given to him by a lord).

___ referred to the economic self-sufficiency of the manor.

The English king known for establishing “common law” was ___ ___.

One of the ___ ___'s major principles was that no man is above the law.

The principality of ___ was founded by Scandinavian Vikings.  At the end of the 10th century, Prince ___ converted the Russian people to Eastern Orthodox Christianity.

The declining power of the ___ in European society was a major source of instability and anxiety.

The belief in doctrines officially condemned by the Church is known as ___.

The goal of the ___ was to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims.  Motives included ___ fervor, allowing the ___ to assume leadership in liberating the Holy Land, and the desire for ___ adventures.  The major impact was a ___ of cities.

Emperor ___ rebuilt the city after the riots, published the Code of ___ and built a monument at Hagia ___.

The Black Death or the ___ was spread by black rats that were infested with ___.

___ were Christian fanatics who beat themselves during the Black Death.

The ___ ___ (rebirth of learning) began in the northern cities of Italy. 

Banking and politics were often controlled by influential families such as the ___ family.

The great triad of painters of the Renaissance was ___, ___, and ___.

___ reintroduced classical literature from Roman and Greek civilizations to the Western world.

The period between ___ and ___ was a time of two and sometimes three rival popes.  This time was known as the Great ___.