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Fill in step by step chart for Basic Life Support
Know the chart in the back of the packet
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Predisposing factors for isulin reaction
- a. too much insulin(hyperinsulinism)
- b. too little food: delayed or omitted
- c. Loss of food by vomiting or diarrhea
- d. Excessive exercise
- e. stress
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Symptoms for isulin reaction
- *sudden onset
- *sweating:possinle drooling
- -hunger
- *nervousness;trembling
- *restlessness, anxiety
- -weakness
- -headache
- -dizziness
- -pallor
- -dilated pupils
- *normal to shallow respirations
- -fast, irregular pulse
- -transient period of unconsciousness
- -possible convulsions
- -eventual coma and death
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Treatment procedures for isulin reaction
- 1. when conscious feed patient sugr cubes, apple juice, candy or cake icing, or glucose
- 2. when unconscious
- -activate ems
- -provide basic like support
- -place in supine position
- -maintain open airway
- -administer oxygen by non-rebreathable oxygen mask
- - monitor vital signs
- -Place cake icing in vestibule of maxillary and mandibular arch, give sugar water via rectum, if possible
- -administer intramuscular glucagon, or administer intravenous glucose
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Predisposing factors of diabetic coma
- - too LITTLE insulin: omitted dose or failed to increase does when requirements increased
- - too much food- particularly carbohydrates
- - less exercise than planned
- -infection, illness of an sort
- - trauma, drugs, alcohol abuse
- - stress
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Symptoms of diabetic coma
- *slow onset in comparison with insulin reaction
- *skin flushed and dry
- -dry mouth, thirst(polydipsia)
- -nausea, vomiting
- - abdominal pain
- -lack of appetite with nausea or hunger(polyphagia) because of body cells starving for glucose
- *breath with fruity odor
- *drowsiness, weakness, lethargy(lack of ambition to do anything, sleepiness)
- *abnormally deep very rapid sighing respirations (Kussmaul breathing)
- - weak, rapid pulse
- -increased urination
- -eventual coma or death
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Treatment procedures for diabetic coma
- - activate EMS: hospitalization
- - keep patient warm
- - administer oxygen by nasal cannula
- - give fluids to conscious patien (not carbohydrates)
- - insulin injection by physician
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Dyspnea
shortness of breath
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Nocturia
excessive urination, particularly at night
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Glycosuria
Glucose spill (excreted) into the urine
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Polyuria
excretion of large amounts of urine
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Polydipsia
fluid loss signals excessive thirst to brain (Dry mouth)
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Polyphagia
excessive hunger, increased appetite
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dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
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hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of body
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Symptoms for simple partial seizures
- -cessation of ongoing activity
- -brief staring spell
- - jerking of muscles around mouth
- -no loss of consciousness
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symptoms for complex partial seizures
- -trance-like state with confusion-few minutes to hours
- -consciousness is impaired to varying degrees
- -may manifest purposeless movements or action followed by confussion, incoherent speech, ill humor, unpleasant temper; frequently does ot remember what happened during the attack
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Treatment procedure for Partial Seizures
- assist patien to avoid possible injury to himself
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Symptoms of generalized absence siezures
- -brief loss of consciousness(5-30 seconds)
- -fixed posture, may drop what is being held
- -rhythmic twitching of eyelids, eyebrows, head, or chewing movements
- - may be pale
- -attack ends as abruptly as it begins. Patient quickly returns to full awarenes, resumes activities, unaware of what occured
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Treatment procedures of genneralized absence seizures
take objects from patients hands to prevent dropping
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Symptoms of Generalized Tonic-clonic seizures
- - pale face: may becom cyanotic
- - breathing is shallow or stops briefly
- - TONIC phase tension with rigidity, CLONIC movements follow with intermittnet muscular contraction and relaxation
- -"epileptic cry" from muscles of chest and pharync contracting at the same tim
- - loss of consciousness- sudden and complete
- - may bite tongue. possible loss of blasse and raely bowel control
- - saliva becomes foamy when mixed with air
- - lasts from 1 to 3 minutes
- - patient begins to recover, may be confused, tired, complain of muscle soreness or injury, falls into a deep sleep
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Treament procedures for generalized tonic-clonic seizures
- - place in supine position (leave in dental chair)
- - open airway; apply suction to clear mouth
- - administer oxygen by nasal cannula
- - prevent injury: if not in dental chair, move patient to open area, preferably on floor when space and time permit
- - place pad or pillow under head
- - allow patient to sleep during post-convulsive period
- - do not dismiss patient if unaccompanied
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Symptoms of 1st degree burns
- skin reddened
- swelling
- pain
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Symptoms of 2nd degree burn
- skinn reddened
- blisters
- swelling
- we surface
- pain-more than 3rd degree
- heightened sensitivity to touch
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Symptoms of 3rd degree burn
- severe damage
- skin burned off
- leathargy look
- insensitive to touch
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Treatment for 1st and 2nd degree burns
- activate EMS
- do not give food or liquids, anticipate nausea
- be alert for signs of shock
- immerse or cover with cool water
- gentl clean with a mild antiseptic such as pHisoHex
- do not apply ointment, grease, or baking soda
- dress lightly with dry sterile bandage
- elecate burned part
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Treatment for 3rd degree burns
- Activate EMS
- do not remove clothing
- treat for shock
- basic life support:maintain open airway
- cover loosely with nonadherent dressing to protect from air and dust while the patient is being transported
- elevate burned part
- do not give sedative
- do not give food or liquid
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