Science 8 ch 4

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Ductile material

can be pulled out, or drawn into a long wire
Physical properties of metals
- shininess
- ductility
- malleability
- conductivity
Malleable

Can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes
Number of protons equals number of _________

electrons
Elements in a row of the periodic table

have properties that change in a pattern from left to right
The elements in a column of the periodic table

have similar characteristics
Mendeleev's periodic table was arranged by

Atomic mass
Periodic table rows are called

periods
Periodic table columns are called

groups
Modern periodic table is arranged by

atomic number
2 most common alkali earth metals
- magnesium
- calcium
Characteristics of alkaline earth metals
- hard
- gray white
- good conductor of electricity
Transition metals
- Hard and shiny
- Good conductor of electricity
- Form colorful compounds
- Familiar metals such as gold silver iron copper and nickel
Carbon is able to bond with atoms of other elements in many different ways because

it has 4 valance electrons
All living things contain what element

carbon
What form of carbon is so hard it could be used for cutting tools?

diamond
Another name for carbon compound

organic
The atomic number of an element is based on the

number if of protons in the nucleus
Which part of the atom move around the nucleus?
Why do scientists use models to describe atoms

because they are so small
Metals are NOT

liquid at room temperature
In the periodic table, where are most metals found

in Group 1 - the first column to the left
To make most synthetic elements, scientists use powerful machines called

particle accelerators
Which group contains the most elements

metals
What info in the period table indicates the number of protons in an atom

atomic number
Mixed Metals

Groups 13 - 15
Lanthanides
- Top row that is pulled out
- Used in alloys
Actinides
- Bottom row that is pulled out
- Very unstable
- Use particle accelerator to crash and combine
Non metal
- Poor conductor
- Dull and brittle
- Opposite of metals
- usually gain or share electrons
Halogens
- gains or shares one electron
- salt forming
- most reactive non metals
- uncombined elements are harmful
Inert/Noble Gases
- Group 18
- full outer shell of electrons
- Will not gain or lose
- unreactive
- Do not combine or form compounds
Hydrogen
- 90% of all atoms in universe are hydrogen
- On earth found combined with oxygen in form of water
- located to left of zig zag but NON metal
- 1 proton 0 neutrons and 1 electron
Semi metals/metalloids
- located along zigzag
- have some properties of metals and nonmetals
- varying ability to conduct electricity

Author

squirty99

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Card Set

Science 8 ch 4

Description

Science 8 ch 4 elements and periodic table

Updated

2012-12-13T03:04:59Z

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