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The Respiratory System
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What are the two main functions of the Respiratory System?
1)
To get O
2
into the blood
(all cells need O
2
for
energy production).
2)
To remove CO
2
from the blood
(CO
2
is a waste product from energy production in cells).
What are the 3 stages of Respiration?
Stage 1 -
Breathing
air in and out of lungs
Stage 2 -
Gaseous Exchange
0
2
from the air into the blood.
CO
2
from the blood to the air.
Stage 3 -
(Internal) Respiration
energy production in cells (mitochondria) using O
2
(CO
2
produced as a waste product.
What is the pathway for air coming into the body?
1) Nose
2) Pharynx (throat)
3) Larynx (voice box)
4) Trachea (wind pipe)
5) Bronchi (1 = Bronchus)
6) Bronchioles
7) Alveoli
What are Alveoli?
Tiny single cell thick sacs found at the end of the bronchioles where gaseous exchange takes place.
What is the average breathing rate per minute?
12-15 breaths per minute.
What is the approximate percentage of O
2
and CO
2
in the air we breathe in?
O
2
= 21%
CO
2
= 0.04%
What is the approximate percentage of O
2
and CO
2
in the air we breathe out?
O
2
= 15%
CO
2
= 4%
What is the name of the membrane that surrounds each lung?
Pleural lining.
What is the inner layer of the pleural lining attached to?
Lung tissue.
What is the outter layer of the pleural lining attached to?
Chest wall (ribs) and top of diaphragm.
What are the two functions of the plerual cavity which contains fluid?
1) Prevents friction between the two layers (lungs and chest wall) during respiration.
2) Shock absorber.
What is Diffusion?
Gases move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration until equal distribution is achieved.
What shape is the diaphragm when relaxed?
Dome
Where is intercostal muscle found?
Between the ribs.
What happens when intercostal muscle is contracted?
The distance between the ribs is reduced and the ribs are lifted upwards and outwards.
What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?
Diaphragm flattens and lungs expand.
What happens to intercostal muscle during inhalation?
Intercostal muscle contracts and ribcage lifts.
What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?
Diaphragm relaxes and lungs shorten.
What happens to the intercostal muscles during exhalation?
Intercostals relax and ribcage drops.
Author
faheycg
ID
186580
Card Set
The Respiratory System
Description
Respiratory System
Updated
2012-12-09T19:48:07Z
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