The thoracic duct collects lymph from all of the following except: abdomen left leg right arm right foot left shoulder
right arm
The thoracid duct and the right lymphatic duct empty into the: superior vena cava subclavian veins inferior vena cava azygos vein brachiocephalic veins
azygos vein
What structures anchor the chordae tendineae? semilunar valves trabeculae carneae pectinate muscles papillary muscles
Papillary muscles
Which of the following structures is not found in the left ventricle?
the pectinate muscles the bicuspid valve the papillary muscle the trabeculae carneae
the pectinate muscle
The right ventricle pumps blood into which vessel? the pulmonary trunk the aorta the pulmonary vein the superior vena cava
the pulmonary trunk
A drop of blood returning to the heart from the head region would enter the heart through which vessel? a pulmonary vein the superior vena cava the inferior vena cava the coronary sinus
the superior vena cava
Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the left ventricle right atrium right ventricle left atrium
left atrium
Blood is carried in the capillaries in the myocardium by way of the: coronary sinus fossa ovalis coronary veins coronary arteries
coronary arteries
Which layer of blood vessels contains epithelial tissue? tunica intima tunica media
tunica adventitia tunica externa
tunica intima
Choose the blood vessel responsible for draining the majority of blood from the brain? internal carotid artery cephalic veins internal jugular veins basilic veins internal carotid veins
internal jugular veins
Functionally there are no valves in arteries (as opposed to in veins) because
the blood pressure in arteries is high enough that there is no risk of backflow of blood
What vessel in the fetus connects the pulmonary trunk to the aortic arch so that much of the blood bypasses the immature lungs?
ductus venosus
ductus anteriosus
ligamentum arteriosium
ligamentum venosum
The abdominal aorta divides its distal end into which arteries? the internal iliac arteries the femoral arteries the external iliac arteries the common iliac arteries
the common iliac arteries
Choose the missing blood vessels in the pathway supplying blood to the right arm: Aortic arch, subclavian artery, axillary artery, brachial artery
brachiocephalic artery
The three arteries that branch from the aortic arch are (in order) the
brachiocephalic, left subclavian, and the left common carotid arteries
Which artery arises from the inferior part of the abdominal aorta and supplies the distal half of the large intestine? median sacral artery gonadal artery inferior mesenteric artery superior phrenic artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Which vessel is missing from the following statement: "Tracing blood that drains from the small intestine, we find that blood leaves the intestinal capillaries and passes through the superior mesenteric vein, the hepatic portal vein, the liver sinusoid capillaries and the inferior vena cava?
celiac vein
If both common carotid arteries were blocked, which might continue to carry blood to the brain? External carotid Internal carotid vertebral arteries anterior cerebral artery dural venous sinuses
Vertebral arteries
The popliteal artery supplies
the hip joint
many thigh muscles
the knee joint
the elbow joint
the palmar region
the knee joint
The veins that merge to form the inferior vena cava are the
external iliac veins
internal iliac veins
popliteal veins
posterior and anterior tibial veins
common iliac veins
common iliac veins
Which of the following are not involved in systemic circulation?
right ventricle, pulmonary artery, left atrium
The epicardium is the same as the
visceral layer of the serous pericardium
The heart chamber with the thickest wall is the
left ventricle
Of the three layers of the heart wall, the layer that contains the cardiac muscle is the epicardium endocardium visceral layer of serous pericardium myocadium
myocardium
The atrioventricular node is located in the
inferior part of the interatrial septum
right atrium just inferior to the opening of the superior vena cave
interventricular septum near the heart base
walls of the ventricles, with the other Purkinje fibers
inferior part of the interatrial septum
Of the following heart chambers, the one with the thinnest walls is the: left ventricle right ventricle right atrium
right atrium
Which of the following is not part of the conduction system of the heart? SA node AV valve AV node AV bundle
AV valve
Which branch (or branches) of the abdominal aorta supplies the stomach? A gastroduodenal B celiac trunk C superior mensenteric artery D all of the above E A and B
E A and B
Which of the following are involved in the pulmonary circulation? superior vena cava, right atrium, left ventricle inferior vena cave, right atrium, left ventricle left ventricle, aorta, and inferior vena cava right ventricle, pulmonary artery, left atrium
right ventricle, pulmonary artery, left atrium
The anterior cardiac vein runs with which artery?
right coronary
Lymph nodes
Filter the blood
In the figures know these veins and arteries: Great saphenous vein
Right common iliac artery
Left cephalic vein
Left basilic vein
Great saphenous vein
Left common carotid artery
Left cephalic vein
Left basilic vein
Know these muscles:
Deltoid
Teres Major
Vastus Medialis
Know the axon structure:
Dendrite
Telodendrite
Structural catergory of a neuron:unipolar, multipolar, etc
Which lymphatic organ contains red pulp and white pulp?
Spleen
With respect to the lymphatic system, what do the letters in the acronym MALT stand for?
Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue
True or False The right and left coronary arteries are the only branches of the ascending aorta.
True
True or False Of the three artery types, the elastic arteries have the better ability to vasoconstrict and vasodilate.
False
True or False Among the advantages of the cerebral anterial circle the presence of collateral channels of blood flow to the brain a supply artery become blocked.
True
True or False The contraction of skeletal muscles plays an important role in the movement of blood in the veins.
True
True or False The liver is unique in that it receives both oxygenated blood from the brain.
True
True or False The superior sagittal sinus drains deoxygenated blood from the brain.
True
True or False The umbilical arteries bring blood back to the fetal heart, and the umbilical veins return blood to the placenta.
False
The movement of a body part towards the midline of the body is called:
adduction
Clenching fingers to make a fist, then relaxing and straghtening them is an example of:
flexor and extensor
The joint movement called eversion involves
turning the sole of the foot laterally
Which does not correctly pair a movement with its opposing movement
elevation-retraction
Which is a correct listing of a skeletal muscle's components. Beginning with the smallest.
Which is the correct order of connective tissue layer's of a skeletal muscle, beginning with the outermost first.
Endomysium, perimysium, endomysium
Which proteins make up the thick filaments?
Myosin
What is the letter associated with the dark bands in a sacromere? I bands, A bands, Zbands, M bands, H bands
I bands
What incorrectly describes what happens during skeletal muscle contraction?
The Z discs of a sacromere more farther apart
The muscle has its origin on the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle and its insertion on the mastoid process.
Sternocleidomastoid
The most medial of the abdominal muscles are:
rectus abdominus
A large diamond-shaped muscle that extends from the skull and vertebral comlumn to the pectoral girdle laterally. It depresses, retracts, or rotates the scapula.
Trapezius
The prime extensor of the elbow joint is the
triceps bracchi muscle
The muscle that makes u the "calf" of the leg is the
gastrocnemeus
The figure is pointing the deltoid.
Now where deltoid is in an anterior figure.
The peripheral nervous system includes all, except:
spinal cord
The nervous system has 3 general functions to perform:
selet the exception:
Transporting materieals throughout the body
The afferent division of the nervous system is also known as the:
sensory division
The portion of the nervous system that sends sensations from the skin, joints, skeletal muscles, and special senses is the
somatic sensory
The portion of the nervous system that has (usually) voluntary control over skeletal muscles is the
visceral sensory
The glial cell that helps to form cerebrospinal fluid is the
microglia
The glial cell that depends the CNS against pathogens is the
ependymal cell
The glial cell that protects and supports neuron cell bodies located with in ganglia is the
satellite cell
What is a nerve
a cablelike bundle of parallel axons
Axon communicate with 3 possible items. Select the exception:
other neurons
bone
muscle
glands
Bone
An anterior muscle with an origin on the femur and an insertion on the tibia would be able to produce which of the following body movements?
Extension of the knee
The meninx composed of a delicate web of collagen and elastic fibers is:
arachnoid
The brain ventricle located between the pons and the cerebellum is:
4th ventricle
Excess CSF is removed from the subarachnoid space by small structures called
arachnoid villi
Clusters of gray matter containing neuron cell bodies that lie with in the CNS are called
cerebrul peduncles
This space contains areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue and surrounds the spinal cord.
Epidural space
central canal
subdural space
subarachnoid space
epiarachnoid space
subarachnoid space
Which of the abdominal muscles has its fibers running in an inferomedial direction (as though you were putting your hands in your front pockets)?
External obliques
Which is not one of the hamstring group of muscles?
Rectus femoris
A sickle-shaped vertical partiction of dura mater that divides the left and right cerebellar hemispheres is the:
falx cerebelli
A muscle with an origin on the posterior tibia and an insertion on the calcaneus would be likely to perform which of the following
dorsiflexin
plantarflexion
flexion at the knee
extension at the knee
Plantar flexion
Name of the structure: Pons
Know cranial nerve Oculomotor
Know atheist cranial nerve is that innervates the eye
know these
Awareness of sensation is located in the _____________ of the cerebral cortex.
postcentral gyrus
Name a type of muscle tissue with striations and multiple nuclei per cell.
Skeletal
Name two types of tissues that have lacunae surrounding the cells.
Elastic cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Embryonic connective tissue is called
mesenchyme
Name the specific tissue layers composing a mucous membrane, from superficial to deep.
1. Moist, stratisfied squamous epithelium or simple columnar epithelium
2. Basement membrane
3. Loose connective (areolar) tissue
Fibrocartilage
Predominant cell type
Body Location
Chrondrocyte
symphysis pubis,
intervertebral discs, or
menisci of knee
Dense regular connective tissue
Predominant cell type
Body location
Fibroblast
tendons or ligaments
Adipose
Predominant cell type
Body location
Adipocytes
found wherever loose connective is
(hypodermis);
around kidneys,
behind eyeball,
on heart surface,
around joints
What is the tissue that covers surfaces and lines the inside of organs and body cavities?
Epithelium tissue
Nervous
Predominant cell type
Body location
Neuron
brain,
spinal cord,
nerves,
sense organs
Cells within epithelium are held together laterally by special connections called junctions. Which junction provides a direct passageway for small molecules to pass one cell to another?
Gap junctions
A ______plane cut perpendicular to the long axis of the body or organ?
Transverse
Where would pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium be found?
lining portions of the respiratory system
What type of epithelium would be suited for high levels of diffusion and filtration?
Simple Squamous Epithelium
Connective tissue included all of these choices except? A. Adipose
B. Bone
C. Ligaments
D. All are types of connective tissue
D. All are types of connective tissue
The unit of compact bone tissue that consists of central canal containing blood vessels and nerves and is surrounded by concentric rings of calcified bone is?
An Osteon
A metatarsal bone is an example of
long bone
The heart is confined within a double walled serous membrane sac. The part of the membrane that is in contact with the heart is the ___________ layer.
Visceral
The type of muscle that has elongated, peripheral multinucleated cells and is under voluntary control is?
Skeletal
The medullary cavity of a long mone is lined with a thin layer of tissue called?
Endosteum
The directional term that means "away from the midline of the body is?
Lateral
Where in the body would you find glial cells?
The nervous system
Which best defines "superficial"?
On the outside
The directional term that means close to the point of attachment to the trunk is?
Proximal
The axillary region is the ________ to the pectoral region.
lateral
The best view of the popliteal region is seen from the
Posterior view
A professional fighter hit in the mental region would have damage to the?
Jaw
If you had a disease that prevented collagen from forming in your body, which of the tissues would you expect to be most affected?
Connective Tissue
In compact bone _________ connect osteocytes to other osteocytes in lacunae there by providing a pathway for nutrient and other materials between osteocytes.
Canaliculi
The moist two layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is called
Peritoneum
Of the abdominopelvic regions the one that is superior of the middle column is called the?
Epigastric region
What is the regional term for the hip?
Coxal
The formation of bone from a cartilage model is termed?
Endochondral ossification
Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is called?
Appositional Growth
Which hormone inhibits rather than stimulates bone growth?
Parathyroid hormone
What are the steps in the process of bone repair following a fracture:
Fracture hematoma forms
Fibrocartilaginous callus forms
Bony callus forms
Bone is remodeled
Which bones form each pectoral girdle?
Clavicle & Scapula
The bones of the antebrachium are the?
Radius & Ulna
In anatomic position the ulna lies ________ to the radius.
medial
The layers of tissue in a hollow internal organ from the lumen to the external organ would be in the following order?
?????
Epithelium Tissue
Connective tissue
Smooth muscle
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
Which fetal fontanel is found at the junction of the parietal bone and temporal bone?
Mastoid Fontanel
What are risk factors for osteoporosis?
Smoking
Small body size
From deep to superficial the order of the strata of the epidermis is?
?????
Hint: But Skin Grows Like Corn
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidym
Stratum corneium
Know the plural cavity from picture of lungs in chest. Know the picure of the perforating canals in the tissue.
Picture of plural cavity and perforating canals in the tissue
CSF Flow
Choroid plesus in the lateral ventricles produces CSF.
CSF flows through interventricular foramina into third ventricle.
Choroid plexus in the third ventricle adds more CSF.
CSF flows down the cerebral aqueduct to the fourth ventricle.
Choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle adds more CSF.
CSF flows out two lateral apertures and one medial aperture.
CSF fills the subarachnoid space and bathes external surfaces of brain and spinal cord.
At the arachnoid villi, CSF is reabsorbed into venous blood of the dural venous sinuses.
Nervous system process for hand on hot stove scenario
Heat sensation would be detected by the sensory receptors of the somatic sensory in the afferent division of the peripheral nervous system.
This information is then sent to the central nervous system who would make the decision to remove the hand, and then send the information back to the peripheral nervous system through the efferent division to the somatic sensory's skeletal muscle effector who would move the hand.
Nervous system process for upset stomach
Nauseated feeling would be detected by the sensory receptors of the visceral sensory in the afferent division of the peripheral nervous system. This information is then sent to the central nervous system who would make the decision to throw up. Then send the information back to the peripheral nervous system through the efferent division's muscle effector which would then tell your stomach to throw up.
The tissue type that covers surfaces and lines the inside of organs and body cavities is
Epithelium
Cells within an epithelium are held together laterally by special connections called junctions. Which junction provides a direct passageway for small molecules to pass from one cell to another?
Gap junctions
Suppose you had a disease that prevented collagen from forming in your body. Which of the the tissues would you expect to be most affected?
Epithelium
This figure shows a frontal view of a human. What does number 1 and number 2?
Mediastinum
L. pleural cavity
This figure shows the femur. The view shown is the
posterior surface of the right femur
Bones cells called _______ break down bone by dissolving the matrix.
osteoclasts
Which bones are part of the axial skeleton? A. Cervical vertebra
B. Ribs
C. Clavicle
D. All of the above
E. A and B only
A and B only
In anatomic position, the ulna lies ____ to the _____.
Medial; distal
Identify the bone in the figure: Trapezium
Acromion
Right scapula
Trapezium
Acronium
Right scapula
The layers of the tissue in a hollow internal organ, from the lumen to the external organ, would be in the following order
