Lecture 12 GU

  1. What is the most common GU tract defect
    Inguinal hernia
  2. What are some lab tests to determine renal function
    • BUN
    • Uric acid
    • Creatine
    • BUN/CRE ratio
  3. What is the cause of 80% of UTIs?
    E. coli (due to wiping back to front)
  4. What are S/S of a UTI
    • frequent urination
    • painful urination
    • s/s of dehydration
    • foul, concentrated urine
    • fever
    • pallor
    • poor feeding, lethargy
  5. How is a UTI diagnosed
    • UA
    • urine culture
  6. what is the best way to obtain a specimen for a urine culture
    clean catch (wipe with wipes then void in cup)
  7. How do we treat a UTI
    • antibiotic therapy
    • fluid maintenance
    • collect specimens as ordered
    • education (prevention)
  8. What is the common peak age for onset for glomerulonephritis?
    • 6-7 years
    • twice as common among males than females
  9. What is the most common cause of glomerulonephritis?
    Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (untreated strep goes to blood stream and to kidneys)
  10. If patient comes in with s/s of UTI and they had strep throat a couple of weeks ago, what do you expect?
    glomerulonephritis
  11. What are the S/S of glomerulonephritis?
    • Edema (especially periorbital)
    • facial edema (more prominent in am)
    • Urine is cloudy, smoky brown
    • irritability
    • lethargy
    • pallor
    • mild to moderately elevated BP
  12. How are we going to treat glomerulonephritis?
    • may have fluid restriction
    • moderate sodium restriction
    • restriction of potassium rich foods
    • may get antibiotics
    • monitor lab values
  13. What is happening in nephrotic syndrome?
    • hyperalbuminuria (or proteinuria)
    • hypoalbuminermia
    • initially unexplained hyperlipidemia
    • body fluid balance shift (edema, ascites, hypovolemia)
  14. What are the s/s of nephrotic sydrome
    • Weight gain
    • facial edema (bad during am and subsides during the day)
    • generalized edema
    • ascites
    • lethargic, easily fatigued
    • irritability
    • BP normal or slightly decreased
    • frothy urine
    • may have diarrhea
  15. how are we going to treat nephrotic syndrome
    • dietary changes (low sodium diet)
    • meds (corticosteriods and diuretics)
    • monitor I/O
    • education
  16. You are a nurse in a pediatric emergency room. Around 5 PM, a 3-yr old child is admitted to your care for lethargy, irritability, decreased urine output, and (per the parents) "looking a little puffy". On your assessment, you note that the patient's "puffiness" (edema) is not significant, but the parents state that it was really bad in the morning.The patient's urine, on inspection, is dark amber-colored but clear, and there really isn't a significant quantity of it. You find that the urine is positive for protein.Vital signs are as follows: HR 136 (normal 80-100), BP 124/85 (normal 90-110/60-70), T 100.1° F. Based on these findings, you suspect that your patient likely has
    glomerulonephritis
  17. T or F: If caught early enough, the patient with nephrotic syndrome has a good prognosis for recovery.
    True
  18. Your 6 year old patient presents with edema, irritability, and waxy pallor. Mom states that his clothes seem to be getting too tight on him quickly after she buys them. Urinalysis shows a high level of protein and frothy urine. Albumin level is 3.2 g/dL (normal 4-5.8 g/dL for children). B/P is 90/65 (normally 105/70). Your patient is most likely experiencing which of the following?
    Nephrotic syndrome
  19. Patients with BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
    should be discouraged from taking which of these medications because they can lead to acute urinary retention?
    Cold medicines/diphenhydramine
  20. What does not predispose the child to UTIs?
    lower urine pH
  21. In a nonpotty-trained child with nephrotic syndrome, the best way to detect fluid retention is to:
    weigh the child daily
  22. The parent of a child hospitalized with acute glomerulonephritis asks the nurse why blood pressure readings are being taken so often. The nurse's reply should be based on knowledge that:
    Acute hypertension must be anticipated and identified.
  23. Acute glomerulonephritis would most likely be suspected if the child presented with the clinical manifestations of:
    Edema, hematuria, and oliguria
  24. The nurse caring for the child with glomerulonephritis would expect to:
    weight the child daily
  25. Clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome include
    hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, edema and proteinuria
Author
shannonm2003
ID
186313
Card Set
Lecture 12 GU
Description
Lecture 12 GU
Updated