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Ocean Circulation
ocean water exchanges tremendous amounts of heat from the atmosphere and ocean currents move energy from place to place
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El Nino-southern occilation (ENSO)
- a systematic shift in atmospheric pressure, sea surface temperature, and
- ocean circulation in tropical place
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Thermohaline circulation
- a worldwide current systemin which warmer, fresher water moves along the surface; and colder, saltier water moves deep beneath the surface
- Warm surface water carries heat to Europe
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North American Deep Water (NADW)
the deep portion of the thermohaline circuation, consistig of dense, cool water that sinks
- If Greenland's ice melts, freshwater runoff would dilute ocean waters, making them less dense, and stopping NADW
- Europe would rapidly cool, as the Day After Tomorrow, a movie which exaggerated the impacts
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Coupled General Circulation model (Climate models)
programs that combine what is knwn about atmospheric circulation, ocean circulation, atmosphere-ocean interactions, and feedback mechanisms to stimulate climate processes
- These models are becoming more reliable in predicting climate change.
- *****known as 1-var models
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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
- An international panel of scientists and governemtn officials established in 1988
- Has presented a series of reports of the sythesis of scientific info concerning climate change
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Mitigation
pursue actions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in order to lessen severity of future climate change
renewable energy sources, farm practices to protect soil integrity, preventing deforestation
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Adaptation
accept climate change is happening and pursue streies to minimize its impacts on us
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Conventional cars are inefficient**
only 14% or less of the fuel are powering the car
- 62% engine heat loss, friction, ineffiences
- 17% idling
- 5% Drive train friction and inefficiences
- 2% running accessories; water pump, stereo, ect.
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Stabilization triangle
a portfolio of strategies, each one feasible in itself, that could stabilize CO2 emissions
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