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You wake in the middle of the night and try to see the clock in the dim light. You will be more likely to be able to read the time if you look at the clock with your______ because it has the largest number of______
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Acritical part of the neural code consists of??
The frequency of spikes that wander down the neural axons
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Which constellation is achieved through high neuronal convergence between rods on the one hand and ganglion cells on the other?
High light sensitivity, low spatial resolution
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The trichromatic theory explains_____, the opponent process theory explains_____
- The three-primaries law
- The law of complementarity
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The trichromatic theory and the opponent process theory can be intergrated in the following manner??
The trichromantic theory explains proccessing on the level of cones and the opponent proccess theory on the level of the ganglion cells
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The reason why we can't perceive a color like "reddish-green" is because
The retinal ganglion cells that are stimulated by the color red are inhibited by the color green
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If light falls on parts of the off-region of a ganglion cell's receptive field but not on the on-region what happens to the cell's response?
The cell's responce is reduced
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As we go upstream from V1, what happens to receptive fields?
They generally become larger and more sensitive to more complex patterns
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Of two objects that assume the exact same size on the retna the object that according to surrounding depth cues is closer will appear???
smaller
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When enjoying Monet's paintings of water lilies, you notice that some lilies appear to be more distant than others because they have been painted smaller and more densely packed. This perception is based on the pictorial cue for depth known as??
Texture gradient
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Is attention an automatic search?
NOOOO
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Does parallel processing fit to the finding of a steep search function?
NOOO
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WHEN WE OBTAIN A FLAT SEARCH FUNCTION WE KNOW THAT THE SEARCH??
was utilizing a basic visual feature
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The integration of basic features through attention as described in the feature-integration theory is reminiscent of ________, the fact that basic features can be much more than just simple sensory experiences fits with_________.
A: structuralism and empiricism; mentalism and gestalt
B: Kant ; Wunt
C: Mentalism and gestalt psychology; structuralism and empiricism
D: B and C
A: structuralism and empiricism; mentalism and gestalt
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"Non-accidental features" are visual features that:
A: Are percieved only under ver specific lighting
B: Require binocular input to be perceived accurately
C: are defined by the value of only a single feature, like color or orientation
D: Are percieved the same way regardless of the angle from which they are viewed
D: Are percieved the same way regardless of the angle from which they are viewed
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Between which of the following pairs of views can you detect a "theoretical tension" (i.e., which do not fit together very well)?
a. Feature-integration theory and recognition-by-
components theory.
b. Gestalt theory and the idea that faces are presented in a holistic manner.
c. Gestalt theory and feature-integration theory.
d. The idea that objects are recognized via templates and the view that faces are presented in a holistic manner.
b. Gestalt theory and the idea that faces are presented in a holistic manner.
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Dreaming is an example of...
a. top-down processing that is strongest in thinking areas, but also has some effect in sensory areas
b. top-down processing that fully extends to sensory areas
c. bottom-up processing that is limited to early
sensory areas
d. bottom-up processing that affects both sensory and higher-level (thinking) areas.
b. top-down processing that fully extends to sensory areas
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Our internal representation of the visual world is
fairly accurate:
a. across much of our visual field.
b. for the current focus of visual attention only.
c. as long as we are trying really hard to register
all details.
d. if the visual scene is one we are familiar with.
d. if the visual scene is one we are familiar with.
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The idea of a “cartesian theater” is incorrect
because...
a. it does not solve the homunculus problem
b. visual perception it is more like a TV
screen than a theater stage.
c. It assumes that all potentially relevant
information is actually processed in our mind.
a) and c)
b) and c)
a) and c)
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So far: Examples where attention was triggered by
salient things in the environment. This is referred to
as “bottom-up” control of attention.
But we can also control attention in a “top-down”
manner. We can “will” ourselves to attend to
different aspects of the world, depending on current
goals.
ee
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Which of the following could NOT be used as a basis for selective attention according to early selection
theory?
a. the topic of a message
b. the spatial location of stimuli
c. the color of stimuli
d. the pitch of a speaker's voice.
a. the topic of a message
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Which of the following is NOT true about extended practice in
a consistent task environment:
a. Frontal lobes become less and less important
b. The practiced skills become harder to resist
c. It should be more and more possible to think about other
things while doing the task
d. Making use of frontal representations of goals and rules
becomes more and more efficient
d. Making use of frontal representations of goals and rulesbecomes more and more efficient
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Which statement about the typical pattern of results in the Stroop task is incorrect:
a. The Stroop interference effect when naming colors indicates that frontal lobes are no longer necessary after
extended practice in a consistent environment.
b. The Stroop interference effect when naming colors is particularly large after a number of congruent trials.
c. The Stroop interference effect when reading words shows that color information interferes with word processing.
d. The Stroop effect arises because a highly automatized and a less automatized type of processing are pitted against each other.
c. The Stroop interference effect when reading words shows that color information interferes with word processing.
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