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Based on energy level and orientation toward life; provides four types of presidents
Barber Typology
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Image projected by the president that represents how he would like to be preceived at home and abroad
Presidential Style
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An organization characterized by hierarchical structure, worker specialization, explicit rules, and advancement by merit.
Bureaucracy
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The principle that bureaucracy should be depoliticized by making it more professional
Neurtal Competence
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clear chain of command and responsiblity
hierarchy
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tasks divided by expertise
specialization
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rules rather than preferences govern decisions; have standardization, predictablility
explicit rules
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hiring based on exams and experience, not politics
merit
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nineteenth century practive of rewarding political supporters with public office
the spoils system
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Groups of citizens whose interests are affected by an agency or department and who work to influence its policies
clientel groups
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major subdivisions of the federal government, represented in the president's cabinet
ex. defense, state, treasury, homeland security
departments
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government organizations independent of the departments but with narrower policy focus
ex. EPA, CIA, Peace Corps
independent agiencies
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governement organization that regulate various businesses, industries, or economic sectors
ex. FDA FCC, National Labor Relations board
Independent Regulatory Boards and Commsissions
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Companies created by Congress to provide goods or services to the public that private enterpise cannot or will not provide profitably
ex. Amtrak, Postal Service, FDIC
Government Corporations
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the accepted values and procedures of an organization
Bureaucratic culture
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believe agency's issues in most critical facing country
policy commitment
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competition between a gencies for budget and resources
interagency politics
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build groups of supporters in public and congress
constituency building
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come from both stae and the US constitutions
constitutional laws
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come from cases
common laws
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come from legislatures both the US congress and state legislature
Statutory Laws
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come from bureaucracies and agencies
administrative laws
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from presidents and governors
executive orders
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look at what document says, is written, textualists
strict constitutionaism
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what does constitution mean, how do we interpret it with what congress says and world we live in now, looks at legislative record
judicial interpretivism
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