-
primary function of auricle
concentrate and conduct incoming sound waves (B)
-
what does cerumen do?
traps bacteria
-
structure of trachea that is landmark for bronchoscopy
carina
-
trachea extends from?
cricoid to the carina
-
which instrument is used to remove nasal polyp?
Wilde forceps
-
immediate post thyroidectomy complication
paralysis
-
benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by lobular tumor
papilloma
-
why is uvulopalatopharyngeoplasty performed?
sleep apnea
-
primary reason for performing adenoidectomy?
hypertrophy
-
neck anatomically divided into?
triangles
-
what is sent with the patient to their room for tracheostomy?
obturator
-
myringoplasty is performed for what part of the ear?
tympanic membrane
-
situated behind the nasal cavity and above oral cavity
nasopharynx
-
why is turbinectomy (removal of bony turbinate) performed?
increase air flow to the nose
-
parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone that does what?
elevates calcium levels
-
paired sinuses that are large sinuses below orbits
maxillary
-
floor of mouth contains ducts for what glands?
submandibular and lingual
-
thyroid hormones (T3, T4) are necessary for regulating what?
metabolism and growth
-
why is submandibular gland removed?
chronic infection, stone formation, or neoplasm
-
-
maxillary sinus is approached through what?
nose
-
contains arytenoid cartilage
throat
-
contains ear wax
external ear
-
where is cochlear implant performed?
internal ear
-
where is stapendectomy performed?
middle ear
-
where is portion of facial nerve?
middle ear
-
incision for thyroidectomy
collar
-
concentration of cocaine used for local anesthetic
5%
-
most common ear infections
- otitis externa (swimmer's ear)
- atopic dermatitis
-
infection of middle ear
otitis media
-
abnormal thickening of the bone in middle and inner ear
otosclerosis
-
most common cause of conductive hearing loss
otosclerosis
-
what is placed in the ear canal to prevent prep solution from entering the canal?
sterile cotton ball
-
prep area
extends to cheek medially, occiput laterally, temporal bone superiorly and upper neck inferiorly
-
irrigation solutions used
saline or lactated Ringer solution
-
two types of dressings used
-
when is a mastoid dressing applied?
after complex procedures of ear, especially those requiring drilling of the mastoid
-
when is a Glasscock dressing applied?
after minor procedures of the ear
-
meds used in most ear surgeries to control bleeding by vasoconstriction
lidocaine with epinephrine
-
primary hemostatic agents
-
surgical opening made in tympanic membrane
myringotomy
-
fluid in middle ear
effusion
-
how is general anesthesia administered for myringotomy?
by mask because procedure is brief
-
procedure performed to close a small, nonhealing hole in the tympanic membrane
myringoplasty
-
surgical removal of cholesteatoma and mastoid bone
tympanoplasty
-
two methods used to perform tympanoplasty
- underlay technique
- overlay technique
-
removal of diseased bone, mastoid air cells, and soft tissue lining the air cells of the mastoid
mastoidectomy/tympanomastoidectomy
-
reconstruction of ossicles to restore conduction to oval window
stapedectomy/ossicular reconstruction
-
why is stapedectomy performed?
to treat profound hearing loss related to sclerosis of stapes
-
most common cause of break in ossicle chain
cholesteatoma
-
for what is cochlear implant used?
transmit external sound directly to 8th cranial nerve in the treatment of sensorineural deafness
-
when can a cochlear implant be inserted in a child?
age 2
-
2 primary components of a cochlear implant
- electronic processor - implanted outside the ear that captures and transmits sound to internal transmitter
- internal transmitter - implanted in cochlea - conveys signals to electrodes
-
prep for intranasal and endoscopic procedures
may not be prepped because case is considered clean, not sterile
-
sponges commonly used in procedures of nasal cavities, mouth and throat
- flat cottonoid sponges (patties)
- cotton pledgets
- round gauze sponges
-
technique used to enter maxillary sinus in which an incision is made in gingival-buccal sulcus
Caldwell-Luc procedure
-
why is Caldwell-Luc procedure performed?
for drainage of abscess in maxillary sinus and surgical removal of granulation tissue that has accumulated as result of chronic sinus infection
-
removal of bony turbinate to increase airflow through the nose
turbinectomy
-
manipulation of septum to return it to its correct anatomical position
septoplasty
-
procedure performed to reshape external nose for aesthetic or functional purposes
rhinoplasty
-
removal of tonsils to eradicate infection, improve airway or remove cancer
tonsillectomy
-
most common reasons for which tonsillectomy is indicated
- chronic infection
- hypertrophy
- suspected cancer
-
retractor used for tonsillectomy
Crow-Davis retractor
-
primary concern after tonsillectomy
bleeding
-
primary reasons for adenoidectomy
chronic infection and obstruction caused by hypertrophy of tissue
-
reconstruction of uvula and oropharynx performed to reduce and tighten oropharyngeal tissue
uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
-
in what procedure is the patient placed in reverse Trendelenburg?
laryngoscopy
-
instruments used to remove nasal polyps under direct visualization with nasal endoscopes
Wilde forceps or microdebrider
-
what nerve crosses posterior triangle of neck behind sternocleidomastoid muscle?
spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
-
what are the 2 lobes of thyroid connected by?
isthmus
-
hemostatic agents used for extensive neck extension
-
removal of all cervical lymph nodes and surrounding structures
radical neck dissection
-
excision of all lymph nodes with preservation of one or more of nonlymphatic structures
modified neck dissection
-
removal of upper 2/3 of cervical lymph nodes and structures with preservation of neurovascular and musculoskeletal structures
selective neck dissection
-
removal of tongue for treatment of cancer
glossectomy
-
-
receptors for hearing and balance within inner ear
labyrinths
-
suction used for middle or inner ear procedures
Frazier tip suction
-
procedure in which external auditory canal is reconstructed
canalplasty
-
benign tumor of middle ear caused by shedding of keratin in chronic otitis media
cholesteatoma
-
abnormal growth of cells
neoplasm
-
rapid oscillation of eye (symptom of certain nervous system diseases)
nystagmus
-
bones of middle ear that conduct sound
ossicles
-
benign epithelial tumor
papilloma
-
excessive proliferation of mucosal epithelium
polyp
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