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Calcium Chloride
trade name
none
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Calcium Chloride
class
electrolyte
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Calcium Chloride
mechanism of action
- Necessary for the proper function of the nervous, muscular, skeletal, digestive and endocrine systems
- Positive inotropic activity increases the strength of the myocardial contractions
- increases ventricular automaticity
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Calcium Chloride
indications
- Calcium Channel Blocker or Beta blocker overdose
- Acute hyperkalemia or cardiac arrest when hyperkalemia is suspected
- Hypocalcemia
- Suspected hypermagnesemia
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Calcium Chloride
contraindications
- Digitalis toxicity
- Hypercalcemia
- Ventricular fibrillation
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Calcium Chloride
side effects
- Cardiovascular: hypotension, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest
- Neurological: syncope, tingling sensations
- Gastrointestinal: metallic taste
- Other: sense of heat waves, necrosis/cellulitis upon infiltration of IV
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Calcium Chloride
precautions
- Use with caution in patients with renal insufficiency or history of cardiac disease
- May cause cerebral or coronary vasospasm
- Can cause bradycardia if administration is too rapid
- Safe use in children, pregnant mothers or nursing mothers has not been established.
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Calcium Chloride
interactions
- Do not mix with sodium bicarbonate (forms precipitate crystals in blood)
- Potentiates the effects of digitalis
- Antagonizes the effects of calcium channel blockers
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Calcium Chloride
routes
IV, IO push
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Calcium Chloride
onset and duration
Onset is immediate with an unknown duration
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Calcium Chloride
dosages
- Adult:
- Known or suspected hyperkalemia or Beta Blocker OD: 500-1000 mg slow IV/IO (may repeat in10 minutes). Max single dose 1 gram
- Calcium channel blocker (prophylaxis):2-4 mg/kg
Pediatric: 20 mg/kg (0.2ml/kg) slow IV/IO
Riverside County: not included in the Riverside County protocol
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Calcium Chloride
notes
Always flush IV after administration of any drug, in particular those that could form a precipitate like sodium bicarbonate.
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