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Glacier
Large mass of perrenial ice formed by accumulation and recrystallization of snow, which flows slowly under pressure of its own weight and pull of gravity
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Alpine glacier
Glacier confined to a mountain valley
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V-shaped valley
Carved by rivers
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U-shaped valley
carved by glaciers
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Hanging valley
Valleys carved by tributary glaciers that are high above the glaciated valley floor
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Hanging waterfall
Waterfall coming out of a hanging valley
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Horn
Pyramidal, sharp-pointed peak
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Cirque
Scooped out basin at a head of a glacier valley
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Tarn
- Small mountain lake collects ina cique basin
- ex: Jenny Lake
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Paternoster lakes
String of small lakes down a glaciated valley
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Col
high pass of saddle-like narrow depression formed by two cirques
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Moraine
Accumulation of unsorted glacial debris (soil and rock)
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There are two types of glaciers; what are they?
- 1. Alpine glaciers
- 2. Continental glaciers
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What is an Alpine glacier?
- It is ice accumulation in mountains.
- Ex: Valley, Cirque
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What are continental glaciers?
- Ice sheets, ice caps
- Ex: Greenland, Antarctica
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Glaciers vs. Snow
- Glaciers: vs. Snow:
- - Recrystalize - Not as dense
- - Dense ice - Doesn't flow
- - Move, flow
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What mechanisms, besides gravity, do glaciers need to move?
- 1. Plastic flow (cold-base glaciers)
- 2. Basal slip (warm-base glaciers)
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Crevasse
Where glacier moves over steps in bedrock topography and where it curves; cracking and breaking
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Till
very fine sediment, chalky
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What are the three types of erosion that are caused by glaciers?
- 1. Ice push
- 2. Abrasion
- 3. Plucking
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What occurs during the process of ice push?
As glaciers move they push debris to the side, front, or out of the way.
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What occurs during the process of abrasion?
Rocks grinding on other rocks; creates glacier polish
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What occurs during the process of plucking?
- Large material being stuch in glacier and moving with it.
- (big boulders)
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What evidence proves glaciation?
(What are the three types?)
- 1. Glacial Polish
- 2. Striations
- 3. Depositional
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What is a moraine?
Where a river used to be.
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Soils video
http://youtu.be/Ego6LI-IjbY
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