BIO 115 FALL 2012 Exam 5

Respiratory system is a ___ exchange and works with the ___ system

Upper respiratory system consists of... (4)

lower respiratory consists of... (5)

the diaphragm is a ___ muscle

The respiratory tract has... (3)

___ in the mucus help kill bacteria

Mucociliary escalator in your ___ pushes muchus up and out the throat

the ___ is the only external portion of the respiratory system.

Nasal conchae has 3 parts ___, ___, and ___.

Pharynx has 3 parts ___pharynx, ___pharynx, and ___pharynx.

The ___ is the throat

The pharynx connects the nasal and oral cavities to the ___

___ provide the primary lymphatic tissue defense for breathing

The ___ is the voice box.  The ___ is the windpipe, it has mucosal lining that has pseudostratified ciliated columnar

The trachea divides into the left and right ___ bronchi.  These branch into ___ bronchi ___ in the right lung ___ in the left lung.  These then branch into ___ bronchi.

___ are the smallest conducting airways.

Each lung lobe is divided into ___ and each lobule has a ___ that serves many ___.

___ is double layered serious membrane.

the ___ has alveolar sacs made of simple ___ ___

respiratory membrane is extremely ___ and ___

___ is the manner in which air enters and exits the lungs

a continuous column of air extends from the ___ to the alveoli of the lungs.

ventilation has two processes ___ and ___

Inspiration is the ___ phase.  During this the ___ contracts, flattens, and moves down.  The ___ cavity volume increases, causing the lungs to increase in volume.

Experation is the ___ phase.  The diaphragm is ___ and goes back to the dome shape.

___ records the volume of air exchange during breathing.

control of ventilation is from the ___ ___ and ___

___ respiration exchanges gases in the ___ between the air in the ___ and the blood in the ___ ___.

IN EXTERNAL RESOIRATION:
Oxygen is higher concentration in the ___.  Alveoli to ___.

Carbon Dioxide is higher concentration in the the ___.  Blood to ___ ___ to alveoli.

Internal respiration is exchange of gases in the ___.  Between the blood in ___ capillaries and ___ fluids.

IN INTERNAL RESPIRATION:
Oxygen higher concentration in the ___. Blood to tissue fluid.

Carbon Dioxide higher concentration in the ___ fluid.  Tissue fluid to blood.

oxygen is transported by ___ in the ___ blood cells.

when blood cell has oxygen it is called ___.

when blood cell is without oxygen it is called ___.

5 types of upper respiratory tract infections.

Carbon Dioxide Transport:
___% red blood cells cytoplasm
___% carbaminohemoglobin
___% bicarbonate ions (negative)

3 lower respiratory infections

COPD stands for ___. It is a form of ___ ___ disorder.  Its two types are ___ and ___.

___ is acute obstructive pulminary disorder.

the 46 chromosomes that we have are called the ___ number.  the 23 chromosome pairs we have are called the ___ number.

___ is a type of cell division that is the ___ division of chromosomes.

meiosis has 2 sets ___ and ___.  Both have 4 stages: ___, ___, ___, and ___.

Stages after Mitosis:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

In the 5th stage ___ live for males, and ___ live for females.

The scrotum holds the ___ (singular), which produces sperm.

The ___ connects the testis to the ___ ___ which is a long tube that holds the mature sperm.

The vas deferens connects to the ___ ___ to form the ejaculatory duct.  The ejaculatory duct passes through the ___ gland.

The tube from the bladder and from the ejaculatory duct connect and deposite their products from the ___.

The ___ tube comes out the head of the penis.

Interstital cells or ___ produce ___ which are male sex hormones.

___ produce sperm through the process of ___.  They have two types of cells ___ and ___.

___ mature into spermatoza.  They have 3 distinct parts:
Head - covered by ___
middle piece - contains ___
___ - provides motility

Sperm survives ___ hours outside the male body.

The seminal vesicles secrete and alkaline fluid that contains ___ and ___.

The prostate encircles the ___.  it secretes a fluid that helps adjust the ___ of seminal fluid and enhances the ___ of sperm.

___ glands secrete a mucus like fluid that ___ the end of the penis and ___ urine.

The two male external genitals are the ___ and ___.

Orgasim in males is marked by ___.  two steps:
1.
2.

the corpus ___ holds the urethra.

The two parts of the brain inmales and females that regulate the hormone levels are the ___ and ___ ___.

Female reproductive system:

The two flods on the outside covered in hair are called ___ ___.  Inside these there is one fold called ___ ___.  These lead to the ___ ___, it is right under the urethra and is where intercourse occurs.  This leads to the ___ and then the ___ (which has thick walls and is slanted).

The ___ lies on either side of the uterus.  they are held in place by several ___.  The ___ contain an  immature ovum (___) called an ___.

The ___ ___ is a follicle that has lost it's egg and produces hormones in the female.

Oogenesis is the production of an ___, it includes the process of ___.

Primary oocyte divides and produces two cells ___ ___ and ___ ___ ( the ___ ___ die).

The ___ ___ enters the uterine tube, if fertilization occurs Meiosis ___ will begin and a ___ will form.

Uterine tubes or ___ ___.

___ sweep over the ovary at the time of ___.

Fertilization normally occurs in the upper ___ of the uterine tube.

An ___ pregnancy is when the embryo becomes imbedded in the wall of a uterine tube.

___:
thick-walled, muscular organ. Three sections fundus, body, and cervix.

___:
tube that serves as birth canal and facilitates intercourse.

The ___ is the inner lining of the uterous.

the ___ is all the outside female structures combined.

___ is when the menstral cycle ceases.