Rad Bio Test 11/30

The amount of ionization produced by photons in air per unit of mass of air:

What are the units of measure for exposure?

What are the units of measure for absorbed dose?

What takes in to account the fact that different types of radiation produce different amounts of biologic damage?

What are the units of measure for dose equivalent?

What are the units of measure for activity?

The rate at which a radioactive isotope undergoes nuclear decay:

The energy absorbed per unit mass of any material:

Effects that have no threshold and for which the probability of occurrence is a function of dose.

Effects for which a threshold exists and for which the severity of the effect increases with dose.

LD_50/30

A measure of the genetic risk to a population as a whole from exposure to ionizing radiation of some or all members of that population:

Dose equivalent to the gonads weighted for the age and sex distribution in those members of the irradiated population expected to have offspring.

☆What is the formula used to calculate a person's cumulative exposure dose limit?

Shielding is measured in terms of:

The amount of material needed to reduce radiation exposure to half it's original value:

*What is the effective dose equivalent limit for stochastic effects?

*What is the dose equivalent limits for tissues & organs such as red bone marrow, breast, lung, gonads, skin & extremities? (nonstochastic effect)

*What is the dose equivalent limit for the lens of the eye? (nonstochastic effects)

Public annual effective dose equivalent limit for continuous or frequent exposure:

Public annual effective dose equivalent for infrequent exposure:

What is the total dose equivalent limit for the fetus?

What is the dose equivalent in a month for the fetus?

The NCRP recommends that the annual effective dose equivalent limit for the genreal population be ____ for those frequently exposed and ____ for those infrequently exposed.

Regulatory agencies require individuals to be monitored if it is expected that _____ of the effective dose equivalent limit will be exceeded.

What are the three purposes of monitoring radiation doses received by individual radiation workers?

The overall accuracy of the film badge is approx:

What kinds of personnel monitors are sent out to be read?

What kind of personnel monitors use laser light to stimulate rearrangement of electrons trapped in aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) when irradiated?

Are OSL dosimeters more or less sensitive than film badges?

What are the minimum readings of the film badge and the OSL dosimeter?

OSL dosimeters are capable of a precision of ______.

Luxel dosimeters are used for:

The ________ dosimeter allows for differentiation of a single exposure or continous exposure over days or weeks.

______ the distance from the souce reduces the exposure to _____ its original level.

_______ is the most important method for protection of operators & members of the general public.

The choice of shielding material depends on the:

________ is the preferred material for superficial units because it is more effective than concrete or steel at stopping photons at low energies at which photoelectric collisions dominate.

All materials _______ ______ equally gram for gram for higher energies at which Compton interactions dominate.

The number of patients X the amount of radiation for each

The fraction of time the beam is aimed at a particular wall:

The fraction of time an area will be occupied:

Distance from the source to the occupied area:

The limit for the occupied area:

All walls (incl the door) are considered primary walls if _____ or _______ is used.

Areas where the general public are found:

For controlled areas, the occupancy factor (T) is always assumed to be _____

Caution: High Radiation Area

Grave Danger: Very High Radiation Area

"Beam On" warning lights are required on:
(3)

The Cobalt 60 unit is required to have an additional warning light on the _____ of the unit that should be illuminated whenever the unit is energized.

Entrance doors to therapy rooms must be equipped with ______ that will shut off the machine if the door is _____ during the treatment.

Regulations require that ______ and ______ communication must be maintained with the patient at all times.

High energy therapy units are required to have an independent ______ _______ in the therapy room to alert the therapist to exposure if they enter the room

The independent "beam-on" monitor must have a provision for  ________ in the event  of an electrical failure and ________
be connected to the therapy machine in any way.

Cobalt decays to:

In case of an emergency, the therapist must be concerned first with the care of the _______.

The video and audio communication systems must be tested _______

Testing of the ________ may cause harm to the treatment unit, so manufacturers recommendations should be followed carefully.

A license from the NRC (or an agreement state) is required to _______, _____ and ______ live sources.

Brachytherapy sources may only be obtained from Facilities or Firms _________ to distribute them.

Sources must be stored in ______ ______ ______ in an area secure from theft or loss .

Before an implant is prepared, a _________ must be completed by the requesting physician and certification must be made that the implant was assembled in accordance with the  _________.

Anytime sources are removed or returned, a ____ _____ must be made and a complete ______ performed.

Inventories of brachytherapy sources are required at least _______, even if no sources have been removed from or returned to the safe.

If brachytherapy sources must be transported through a hospital, the route is planned ahead to minimize the:

While ______ in care of the brachytherapy patient should wear a personnel monitor, _________ need to receive radiation safety instructions but are not required to wear a personnel monitor..

The entrance door to a brachytherapy patient's room must be posted with a:

Visitation for a brachytherapy patient should be limited to:

When visiting a brachytherapy patient, visitors must remain behind a line established by the:

The brachytherapy patient has warning signs posted on the patient's _______, _______, and _______ to avoid inadvertant exposure.

A _________ of all the contents of the patient's room must be completed before they are discharged to ensure that eveything contaminated is accounted for.

Because it is possible for the material encapsulating the radioactive material in implant sources to sustain damages and leak, brachytherapy sources must be leak tested at intervals:

Leak tests must be performed on cobalt-60 units:

______ sources are NOT to be handled under any circumstances

A wall that is struck by the useful beam is considered a _______ wall.

What are the factors that determine the necesary barrier thickness?
(5)

A wall that is struck by scatter radiation or leakage radiation:

While pregnant, the therapist should wear:

QA of Simulators:
All are ________ except for_________

QA of CT Simulators:
All are ________ except for_________

QA of LINACS:
All are _____ except for:

(4 items)