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Glucagon
mechanism of action
- Elevates blood glucose level by converting stored liver glycogen into glucose
- Increases heart rate and myocardial contractility and improves AV conduction in a manner similar to that produced by catecholamines
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Glucagon
indications
- ALOC with hypoglycemia when no IV can be established
- Beta-Blocker OD
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Glucagon
contraindications
Not significant
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Glucagon
side effects
- Cardiovascular: tachycardia, hypertension
- CNS: dizziness, headache
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Glucagon
precautions
- Only effective if liver glycogen is available, may be ineffective in chronic hypoglycemia or starvation patients
- Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or renal insufficiency/disease
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Glucagon
interactions
none
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Glucagon
routes
IM, IVP, IO
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Glucagon
onset and duration
Onset in 5-20 minutes and may last 15-30 minutes
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Glucagon
dosages
- Adult:
- Hypoglycemia: 1 mg IM; May repeat in 20 minutes
- Beta Blocker OD: 1 mg IV
Pediatric: 0.03 – 0.1 mg/kg IM; Max dose 1 mg (must have documented hypoglycemia)
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Glucagon
notes
Place patient into recovery position to prevent aspiration should vomiting occur prior to patient becoming fully conscious
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