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erik erikson
theory emphasizes life long development; 8 psychosocial stages of development; each ahs a developmental task
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trust v. mistrust
- first 18 mos. of life
- trust is built when basic needs are met and mistrust is built when these needs aren't met; trust sets the stage for lifelong expectation that the world will be good
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auonomy v. shame/doubt
- 18 mos.-3 yrs
- can develop either a positive sense of independence and autonomy or negative feelings of shame and doubt. if you empower them, autonomy, if you break them down, shame and doubt
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initiative v. guilt
- 3-5 yrs
- when asked to assume more responsiblity for themselves the develop initiative. when allowed to be irresponsible or made to feel anxious, they can develop too much guilt
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industry v. inferiority
- 6- puberty
- chldren can achieve industry by mastering knowledge and intellectual sklls. when they do not they can feel inferior
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identity v. indentity confusion
- 10-20 yrs
- most important; individuals faced w/ finding out who they are, parents should encourage kids. if they don't develop and an identity they can ave indentity confusion
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intimacy v. isolation
- 20's-30's
- task of forming intimate relationships. are you able to have initimacy or are you by yourself in isolation
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generativity v. stagnation
- 40's-50's
- chief concern is to assist the younger generation in developing/ leading useful lives
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intergrity v. despair
- 60's- on
- look back and evaluate what they have done w/ lives. the retrospective glances can either be positive (intergrity) or negative (despair)
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