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Naloxone
trade name
Narcan
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Naloxone
class
Narcotic (Opiate) Antagonist
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Naloxone
mechanism of action
Reverses the respiratory depression and CNS sedation of narcotics by competing for opiate receptor sites in the brain
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Naloxone
indications
Known or suspected narcotic overdoses with inadequate respiratory function
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Naloxone
contraindications
none
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Naloxone
side effects
- Cardiovascular: tachycardia, hypertension, dysrhythmias
- Neurological: tremors/seizures, aggressive/combative
- Gastrointestinal: nausea/vomiting
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Naloxone
precautions
- Give drug prior to intubation
- Prepare to protect patient and EMS personnel due to aggressive/combative personality following rapid reversal of a narcotic overdose
- Does not reverse narcotic-induced hypotension
- Use with caution in narcotic addicts or chronic pain patients, as Narcan will rapidly reverse the CNS depressant effects of opiods.
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Naloxone
interactions
none
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Naloxone
routes
IV, IO, IM, IN, ET
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Naloxone
onset and durations
Immediate onset when administered IV/IO/IN/ET and 5-10 minutes if administered IM. Either may last 20-30 minutes
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Naloxone
dosages
Adult: 1.0 – 2.0 mg IV/IM or 2.0 – 4.0 mg ET. Titrate IV dose toadequate respiratory rate and tidal volume. May repeat dose every 5 minutes as needed
Pediatric: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IM or 0.2 mg/kg ET. Titrate IV dose toadequate respiratory rate and tidal volume. May repeat dose every 5 minutes as needed
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Naloxone
notes
Darvon and other synthetic narcotics may require larger dosages to reverse the effects
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