-
What is the primary purpose of film processing?
- To deposit enough black metallic silver at the latent image sites in film to permit a permanent visible image to form.
- (to accumulate enough black metallic silver at the sensitivity spects to yield a visible image)
-
What ar the four steps of film processing?
- Developing
- Fixing
- Washing
- Drying
-
________ and __________ are accomplished in solutions that combine numerous chemicals.
Developing and fixing
-
________ involves a two-step process of washing and drying the radiograph for use as a medical record.
Archiving
-
What happens in the developing process?
Silver is deposited at the latent image sites and an image becomes visible.
-
What does developing consist of? (6parts)
- Reducing agents(primary agent)
- Activator
- Restrainer
- Preservative
- Hardener
- Solvent
-
The action of the developer is controlled by ________, _________, and ___________.
- Immersion time
- solution temperature
- chemical activity
-
What is the chemical and function of the reducing agent?
- Phenidone and hydroquinone
- Phenidone(P developer)-rapidly produces fine detail shades of gray
- hydroquinone(Q developer)-slowly produces heavy densities
-
How long is the developer in the 90 second processor and what is its function?
- 20-25 sec
- reduces latent image to visible black metallic silver
-
What is the chemical and function of the activator in the developer?
- Sodium carbonate
- produces alkaline pH,swells gelatin
-
What is the chemical and function of the restrainer in the developer?
- Potassium bromide
- decreases reducing agent activity, antifogging agent
-
What is the chemical and function of the preservative in the developer?
- Sodium sulfite
- controls oxidation, buffer agent
-
What is the chemical and function of the hardener in the developer?
- Glutaraldehyde
- hsrdens emulsion, reduces gelatin swelling
-
What is the chemical and function of the solvent in the developer?
-
How long is the fixer in the 90 second processor and what is its function?
- 20 sec
- stops reduction and removes undeveloped silver halides from emulsion.
-
What is the chemical and function of the clearing agent of the fixer?
- Ammonium thiosulfate
- removes undeveloped silver halides from emulsion.
-
What is the chemical and function of the activator of the fixer?
- Acetic acid
- provides acidic pH, stops reduction
-
What is the chemical and function of the hardener in the fixer?
- Potassium alum
- hardens emulsion
-
What is the chemical and function of the preservative in the fixer?
- Sodium sulfite
- maintains pH
-
What is the chemical and function of the solvent in the fixer?
-
How long is the wash in the 90 second processor and what is its function?
- 20 sec
- removes developing and fixing chemicals
-
What is the chemical and function of the solvent in the wash?
- Water
- removes excess chemicals
-
How long does the dry take in the 90 second processor and what is its function?
- 25-30 sec
- removes water and seals emulsion
-
What is the function of the hot air in the dryer?
Evaporates water and hardens emulsion.
|
|
