-
aminoglycosides prototype?
gentamicin
-
aminoglycosides (gentamicin) side fx
ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
-
aminoglycosides (gentamicin) administration
- IV or IM
- not absorbed well orally
-
aminoglycosides (gentamicin) treats what types of bacteria
gram - rods
-
macrolide abx - prototype?
erythromycin
-
macrolides (erythromycin) used as alternate when?
allergies to PCN
-
macrolides (erythromycin) - therapeutic use?
against gram (+) bacteria
-
macrolides (erythromycin) side fx
mostly GI upset. possible QT prolongation
-
clindamycin side fx
- diarrhea
- can lead to colitis
-
clindamycin uses
- systemic infections
- by anaerobic bacteria
-
penicillin AE?
allergic reaction
-
PCN targets?
- effective against gram + and -
- moreso against G+
-
PCN route of administration?
-
greatest risk of allergy?
-
cephalosporin prototype
cefazolin
-
cephalosporin mech of action?
- cell wall inhibitor.
- related to PCNs
-
cephalosporin AE
- GI upset
- possible allergic reaction
- possible colitis
-
fluroquinolones mech of action?
only class of abx to directly inhibit DNA synthesis of bacteria
-
fluroquinolones adverse effects?
- phototoxicity
- pediatric warning.
- CNS and tendon toxicity
-
fluroquinolones primary use
- GU infections
- other G-, some G+
-
metrodiazole (Flagyl) indications
- C diff
- derm infections (rosacea, acne)
-
metrodiazole (Flagyl) - other than bacteria, effective against?
protozoa
-
sulfonamide AE?
- stevens-johnsons syndrome
- anemia
- renal
-
sulfonamide primary use?
- UTIs
- ulcerative colitis
- cpnjunctivitis
-
sulfonamide mech of action, target?
- "starves" the cell of folate
- broad spectrum (bacteria, protozoa, fungal)
-
firstline categories for PUD?
antibiotics, H2 receptor antagonists, PPI's
-
H2 receptor agonists?
reduce amount of gastric secretion
-
PPI's
- reduce gastric acid
- take before meals
-
sucralfate
- "mends" the lesions of PUD.
- GI protectant
-
antacids
- tums
- neutralzie pH of stomach
-
antacids nursing implications
- take after meals
- take hours after other meds
- stool may turn black from bismuth
-
effects/action of laxatives
- stimulate motility
- increase water and electrolytes at colon
-
antidiarrheals mech of action
slows motility
-
antidiarrheals contraindications
- diarrhea due to infection
- underage of 2
- taking MAO inhibitors
- obstructive jaundice
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