Circulatory Systems

• hemolymph (blood)
• vessels
• heart or hearts

gastrovascular

open circulatory system

closed circulatory system

zone control-direct the blood to particular regios of the body

they can glow bigger. CCS gurantees that each cell of the body is within about 2 cells widths of a blood capillary (short diffusion distances)

• heat distribution throughout the body and temperature control
• distribution of hormones
• immune system function (wbc pagocytizing pathogens)
• pH control
• cellular waste removal

allows the arterial blood of mammals to provide the maximum amount of oxygen to tissues. This means that those tissues can achieve higher metabolisms and be more active at all times.

• plasma
• leukocytes-fight pathogens
• eythrocytes (contain protein hemoglobin) transport oxigen and carbon dioxide
• platelets

• the volume of blood that is composed of red blood cells
• usually between 40% and 65% among vertebrates

lower than normal levels of hemoglobin

cause by lack of sufficient iron FE

make the two kinds of cells in red bone marrow

shape of red blood cell because of no nucleus

efficien shape for increse surface area to facilitate the loading and unloading of oxygen

can initiate their beating themselves using sinoatrial node

pacemaker

a collection of modified cardiak cells that have an inherently unstable resting membrane potential