-
Smooth muscle contraction. It causes vasoconstion in vessels (skin, GI, kidney, brain). Contraction of erector pili muscles, uterus (when pregnant), urethral sphincter. Glycogenolysis & gluconeogenesis from adipocytes & liver, secretion from sweat glands & Na+ reabsorp from kidney.
A.
-
inhibition of insulin release induction of glucagon release, contraction of sphincters of GI, slows HR
E.
-
incr HR, Renin release JG cells. Lipolysis in adipose tissue
E.
-
Relaxes smooth muscle of Bronchioles, Arterioles, GI, Urinary bladder. Liver glycogenolysis, Skeletal Muscle potassium uptake
A.
-
Increase Adenylyl cyclase, increase cAMP. Activates Ca2+ channels, increase PKA, inhibit MLC
E.
-
Beta receptors activated via coupling with...
B.
-
Glucagon and histamine receptors activated via coupling with ...
C.
-
Decrease Adenylyl cyclase, decrease cAMP. Activates cardiac K+ channels, causing hyperpolarization.
B.
-
Alpha 2 receptors activated via coupling with ...
B.
-
M2 receptors activated via coupling with ...
A.
-
Opioids (morphine) receptors activated via coupling with ...
D.
-
Increase Phospholipase C, increase inositol triphosphate (IP3), diacylglycerol (DAG) and cytoplasmic Ca2+. MLC activated.
B.
-
Alpha 1 receptors activated via coupling with ...
D.
-
Presynaptic Alpha-2 receptor responds to...
D.
-
Presynaptic alpha 2 receptors respond to NE, leading to ...
C.
-
Clonidine is a ...
C.
-
Antagonism of this receptor decreases post-ganglionic activity -->Lowers BP
D.
-
Mecamylamine is a non-selective antagonist meant to block which receptor to treat hypertension?
A.
-
Alpha-methyl tyrosine blocks the action of ...
E.
-
Alpha-methyl tyrosine will not affect synthesis of
C.
-
Reserpine ...
E.
-
Which of the following drugs acts as an agonist first before it displaces and depletes its target?
B.
-
Botuliusm...
D.
-
Black widow spider toxin causes excessive ACh release via...
C.
-
Amphetamine enhances activity of monoamine transporters --> greater release of ...
E.
-
Amphetamine enhances activity of monoamine transporters ---> greater release of ...
A.
-
Amphetamine enhances activity of monoamine transporters --> greater release of ...
C.
-
Which one is not an NE & other amine reuptake inhibitors (uptake 1)?
B.
-
bethanechol is a...
E.
-
Mecamylamine is a nonselective...
B.
-
Curare is a competitive ...
B.
-
Physostigmine is a(n)... & crosses BBB
E.
-
Neostigmine is a(n)...
C.
-
Pyridostigmine is a(n)...
B.
-
Edrophonium is a(n)...
A.
-
Organophosphorus toxins (Sarin) are...
A.
-
Which receptor does NOT respond to NE?
C.
-
Which receptor responds to NE?
B.
-
Alpha-1 when stimulated causes...
A. Arteriole dilation
B. Arteriole constriction
B
-
Eccrine sweat glands act via...
E.
-
NO-mediated dilation can be induced by...
E.
-
End product of NE & E metabolism is...
E.
-
MAO oxidation rxn is a...
B.
-
COMT is metabolized by...
C.
-
Resistant to metabolism by MAO
C.
-
Free NE is displaced by these drugs. These drugs are metabolized in place of NE. Which one does not belong in such group?
A.
-
Nicotine is an...
D.
-
Carbachol is a(n)...
B.
-
Hexamethonium is a(n)...
E.
-
Trimethaphan is a(n)...
C.
-
Mecamylamine is a(n)...
C.
-
Succinylcholine & curare are ...
A.
-
Hemicholinium...
D.
-
Pilocarpine is a(n)...
E.
-
Bethanechol is a(n)...
A.
-
Carbachol is a direct...
D.
-
Methacholine is a(n)...
D.
-
a-methyl tyrosine...
A.
-
Tyrosine hydroxylase not is rate limiting step in synthesis of ...
D.
-
Epi binding to beta-2 receptors does not induce...
C.
-
Clonidine is a(n)...
B.
-
alpha methyl dopa is a(n)...
B.
-
Most of NE is rapidly removed via...
D.
-
Uptake 2 delivers NE to COMT...
C.
-
Prazosin is a selective...
A.
-
phentolamine is short acting...
D.
-
phenoxybenzamine is a(n)...
E.
-
Methoxamine is a pure...
E.
-
Yohimbine is a(n)...
D.
-
Ephedrine & Epi are NOT agonists for...
C.
-
Which drug has good oral bioavailability because resistant to MAO/COMT since it is a NON-catechol?
A.
-
Selectively blocks alpha-1 only, less reflex tachycardia
E.
-
Selectively blocks alpha-1 only, less reflex tachycardia
A.
-
Selectively blocks alpha-1 only, less reflex tachycardia
E.
-
Selectively blocks alpha-1 only, less reflex tachycardia\
D.
-
Phentolamine is non selective a ...
A.
-
Phenoxybenzamine is non selective...
B.
-
Inhibits SANS or EPI action at both a1 and B1 receptors
D.
-
Blocks all beta and alpha-1 receptors
C.
-
MAO-B (dopamine) inhibitor; parkinson’s & dementia
C.
-
reversible inhibitor for all MAO; treat mood & anxiety disorders
C.
-
irreversible inhibitor of MAO-A (NE, 5-HT and some DA) and B (Dopamine); treats anxiety
C.
-
Which one is NOT an a2 antagonist?
C.
-
Pindolol is a...
A.
-
Acebutolol is a...
C.
-
Blocks Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in peripheral tissue, does not cross BBB.
B.
-
Metaproterenol acts as
A.
-
Causes persistent sodium influx in motor neurons --> paralysis
C.
-
Prevents anchoring of vesicles to release ACh
D.
-
Causes persistent Na inflex into motor neuron similar to succinylcholine --> paralysis. Due to excessive ACh release
A.
-
hexamethonium is a ...
D.
-
Pentolinium is a ...
C.
-
Mecamylamine is a ...
E.
-
Trimetaphan is a ...
E.
-
Pempidine is a...
D.
-
Benzohexonium is a...
D.
-
Pentamine is a....
E.
-
NMJ blocker that causes highest level of histamine release & autonomic ganglia blockage
C.
-
Mivacurium is a ...
C.
-
Vecuronium is a ...
D.
-
Rocuronium is a ...
E.
-
Which drug is best in treating symptoms of hypertension & pheochromocytoma?
B.
-
Salmeterol is a long acting...
C.
-
Metaraminol is not a ...
D.
-
Dobutamine is a selective...
D.
-
Phenylephrine is a selective...
C.
-
Methoxamine is a selective...
E.
-
Pseudoephedrine is a selective ...
D.
-
Dopamine improves cardiac performance in shock states at which receptor?
E.
-
Dopamine improves renal blood flow via which receptor?
A.
-
Low dose dopamine activates ___ receptors in renal vascular beds
C.
-
Intermediate dopamine doses stimulates which receptors?
C.
-
High doses of dopamine stimulates all of these receptors except...
E.
-
Metoprolol is a ...
C.
-
NE works at which receptors?
A1, A2, B1
-
Epi works at which receptors?
A1, B1, B2
-
Ephedrine is an...
A1, B1, B2 agonist
-
Pseudoephedrine is a
A1, B1 agonist
-
Phenylephrine is a ...
A1 agonist
-
Methoxamine is a
A1 agonist
-
Which receptors are involved in vasomotor center?
A2, B2
-
A-methyl dopa is a
A2 agonist
-
Guanabenz is a
A2 agonist
-
Dopamine is a
B1, D1, D2 agonist
-
Metaproterenol is a
B2 agonist
-
Terbutaline is a
B2 agonist
-
Pirbuterol is a
B2 agonist
-
Salmeterol is a
B2 agonist
-
Formotorol is a
B2 agonist
-
Timolol is a
B1, B2 antagonist
-
Nadolol is a
B1, B2 antagonist
-
Atenolol is a
b1 antagonist
-
Acebutolol is a
B1 antagonist
-
Pindolol is a
partial agonist/antagonist at b1, b2
-
Acebutolol is a
partial agonist/antagonist at B1
-
Curare is a
Nm non depolarzing blocker
-
Succinylcholine is a ...
Nm depolarizing blocker
-
Ecothiophate is a
M2, M3 agonist
-
Tropicamide is a ...
M3 antagonist
-
Cyclopentolate is a
M3 antagonist
-
Scopolamine is a
M3 antagonist
-
Ipratropium is a
M3 antagonist
-
Ritodrine is a
B2 agonist
-
Bretylium
deplates NE (same as reserpine & guanethidine)
-
Imipramine is a
reuptake inhibitor
-
Amitriptyline is a
reuptake inhibitor
-
Alpha 2 does what to insulin release?
Decreases secretino of insulin from beta cells
-
A2 does what to vasomotor control?
Decreases transmission --> less NE released (negative feedback)
-
Decamethonium is a
Nm antagonist
-
Homatropine is a
M antagonist
-
Tubocurarine is a
Non - depolarizing Nm antagonist
-
Pancuronium is a
Non depolarzing Nm blocker, analogue of tubocurarine & no histamine release
-
Atracurium is a
non depolarzing Nm blocker, less potent than tubocurarine & no histamine release
-
Vecuronium is a
Non depolarzing Nm blocker not as potent as tubocurarine & no histamine release
-
Gallamine is a
non depolarzing Nm blocker less potent than tubocurarine & no histamine release
-
Decamethonium is a
Nm depolarzing blocker similar to succinylcholine
-
Saxitoxin
blocks Na channels like tetrodotoxin
-
Batrachotoxin causes
sodium inflex persistent depolarization (like succinylcholine)
-
alpha bungarotoxin
Nm blocker like curare
-
What are effects of M3 stimulation on lung, gut, urinary bladder, and arterioles?
- Bronchoconstriction
- Increased glandular secretions
- Increased GI motility & relaxation of sphincters
- Detrusor muscle contraction & sphincter/trigone relaxation
- Vasodilation of arterioles (but no influence on veins) - via NO
-
Trimethaphan is a
Nn blocker
-
Liver and skeletal glycogenolysis is stimulated via
B2 receptors
-
Metyrosine
Inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase, preventing synthesis of catecholamines
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