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What does FVR attack?
-attacts resporatory epithilial cells, conjunctiva and respiratory tract
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what is the other name for FVR?
feline herpes virus 1
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who are more at risk of getting FVR?
young kittens?
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how many days does FVR take to run its course?
5-10 days
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what is the incubation period for FRV?
3-5 days
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how long can FVR live in the enviroment?
18 hours
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what are the ROTs for FVR?
- Inhalation and swallowing
- aireborne aerosol
- fomites
- oral nasal and ocular discharge
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what are the clinical signs of FVR?
- sneezing, coughing, serous, purulent and ocular discharge
- conjunctivitis
- anorexia
- pyrexia
- hyper salvation
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how do you diognose FVR?
- Top 3
- conjunctival fluid smear under microscope
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what is the treatment for FVR?
- keep nose and eyes clear
- antibiotics for secondary infection
- symptomatic
- 1.v and subq fluids
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what is the vaccine protocol for FVR?
- 8, 12, 16 annual and SubQ
- core vaccine
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what does Calicivirus attack?
-Upper respatory tract
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who is at most risk of contracting Calicivirus?
kittens
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what is the incubation period?
1-3
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how long does it take for calicivirus to run its course?
5-7 days
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what are the ROTs of calicivirus?
- inhalation swallowing
- fomites
- aireborne aerosol
- nasal occular and discharge
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what are the clinical signs of calicivirus?
- similar to FVR
- except ulceration of the tongue
- gingivitis
- lethargy
- dehydration
- pyrexia
- weightloss
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how do you dx Calicivirus?
- top 3
- ulcers on the tongue and mouth
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how do you treat calicivirus?
- mainly symptomatic
- iv fluids
- antibiotics for secondary infection
- isolation
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what part of the body is affected by panleukopenia?
the small intestine (enteric)
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how long can the cat shed panleukopenia?
6 weeks
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how longs panleukopenia viable in the enviroment?
1 year
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what is the incubation period?
6 days
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what are the ROTs for Panleukopenia?
feces and bodily secretions blood and stuff
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what are the clinical signs of Panleukopenia?
- lethargy
- pyrexia
- anorexia
- unable to drink
- vomiting
- diarrhea
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how do you dx panleukopenia?
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how do you treat panleukopenia?
- supportive
- fluids
- antibiotics
- digestion helping drugs
- keep warm
- high nutrient food
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what is the vaccine protocol for Panleukopenia?
- core vaccine
- 8 12 16 weeks annual
- subq
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what part of the body does chlamydophilia felis affect?
- whole body disease
- causes mild upri
- and local and systemic infections
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is chlamydophilia felis zoonotic?
yes
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what does chlamydophilia felis cause in humans?
pink eye
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what are the ROTs for chlamydophilia felis?
- saliva
- blood urine
- feces and discharge
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How do kittens get chlamydophilia felis during the womb?
via maternal milk
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what are the clinical signs of chlamydophilia felis?
- sneezing
- ocular discharge
- anorexia
- lethargy
- infections expressed through urti
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what does FeLV stand for?
feline leukemia virus
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what body part does FeLV affect?
attacks immune system
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what percentage of cats destroy the FeLV virus?
40%
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what percent of cats are persistantly affected by the FeLV virus?
30%
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what percent of cats develop latent infections in FeLV?
30%
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where is the FeLV virus held?
in the bone, waits until immune system is vunerable and causes infections
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what are the roots of tansmission for Feline leukemia virus?
- infected saliva
- blood
- feces
- ocular and nasal discharge
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what are the clinical signs of FeLV?
- immune system decrease
- anemia
- cancer
- chronic infections
- pyrexia
- anorexia
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how to you dx Chlamydophilia felis?
- top 3
- cultured in lab (results take up to a month)
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how do you treat chlamydophilia felis?
- topical and oral antibiotics
- isolation
- aseptic handeling techniques
- symptomatic care
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how do you dx feline leukemia virus?
- top 3
- snap test to test for anitibodies to the disease
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how do you treat Felv?
- -antibiotics and symptomatic care depending on location of infection
- -currently no uniformed treatment
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whats the vaccine protocol for FeLV?
- non core lifestyle vaccine
- given 12 and 16 annual
- boosters subq or im left flank
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what is the vaccine protocol for Chlamydophilia felis?
- non core vaccine
- 8-12
- annual
- admin sq
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what does FIV stand for?
feline immunodeficiency virus
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what part of the body does the FIV affect?
- similar to felv
- full body
- immune system
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What is the incubation period of FIV?
4-6 weeks
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what human virus is FIV similar too?
HIV
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what are the ROTs for FIV?
- infected saliva
- cat bites
- fomites
- in utero or lactogenic
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what ae the cls of FIV?
- same as felv
- -attacks immune ststem
- anemia is most common
- cancer
- chronic disorders
- system and digestive tract infections
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what are the 3 pre disposed issues with FIV?
- hemobartonella
- toxoplasmosis
- polyarthritis
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how do you Dx FIV?
- top 3
- blood test sent to lab and snap test
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how do you treat FIV?
- no specific treatment
- symptomatic care
- low stress care
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what is the vaccine protocol for FIV?
- non core vaccine
- 8-12-16
- annual
- sub q
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what doe FIP stand for?
feline infectious peritonitis
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what are the two forms FIP?
wet- disease of the lining of the abdominal or chest cavity in which there is large fluid build up
dry-disease of various organs such as lymph nodes kidneys eyes and brain
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what does the wet form of FIP affect?
abdominal and chest cavity in which there is a large fluid build up
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what does the dry form of FIP affect?
disease of various organs such as lymph nodes kidneys eyes and brain
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what does FIP cause in kittens?
-
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what age does FIP mainly affect?
- 6 months or younger
- 5 years-10 years
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what are the ROTs for FIP?
- infected oral and respitory secretions
- feces and urine
- most common oral nasal tract
- fomites
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how long can FIP survibe in the enviroment?
several days in dried form
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what are the clinical signs of FIP?
- lethargy
- ascites
- pain on palpation of abdomen
- icterus
- weight loss
- dehydration
- anemia
- diarrhea
- respiratory distress
- pleural effusion
-
how do you dx FIP?
- top 3
- blood test to determin positive or negative infection but will not provide definitive diagnosis
-
what is the Tx of FIP?
- prognosis is poor
- incurable
- just ease discomfort
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what is the vaccine protocol?
- no vaccine
- vaccine concidered ineffective
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what two types of rabies are there?
furious and dumb
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what symptoms are there with the furious strain of rabies?
- exitable
- agressive
- bite or chew own limbs
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what syptoms are shown with the dumb strain of rabies?
- depressed
- will hide
- paralysis in face and neck
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what symptom occurs in both dumb and furious strains of rabies?
hydrophobia
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what does the rabies virus affect in the body?
CNS
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what is the incubation period for rabies?
14 days to months depending on location of bite to brain
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what are the ROTs for rabies?
through infected saliva through bite
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what are the clinical signs of rabies?
furious and dumb signs
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how do you Dx rabies?
send brain to lab in alberta
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how do you treat rabies?
no treatment available
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what is the vaccine protocol for rabies?
- core vaccine
- 12 weeks
- annual
- 1 year
- 1 year
- 3 year
- admin subq or im into right flank
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what are the two types of immunity?
passive and active
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where is rabies given?
SQ or IM into RT flank
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bacteria
small microorganism but larger than virusinfectioussmall size can be seen under light microscope
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virus
minute infectious microorganismcan only been seen in an electron microscopethey require a living cell to replicatecan be grown in a lab inside human or animal cells
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normal flora
the bacteriain our bodies that do not course us harm, they will only cause illness if in extreme numbers
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infection
when a pathogenic agent infects the body and multiplys inside the bodyresulting in infection.
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defence mechanism
skin, tears, cilla, coughing, sneezing, the mucous developed in the respiratory system also
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immune system
lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus gland and there products lymphocytes and antibodies.when there is an infection the immune system sends the immue defence to the area and ingests the bacteria or virus.Proteins released during this attract immune cells and cause heat and inflammation
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antigen
foreign substance that enters the body to induce the formstion of antibodies that interact with it.
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antibody
this is a substance developed by the body because of and to interact with an certain antigen.antibodies are present due to previous inffection, vaccine or maternal antibodies in first 6 weeks of life.
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immunity
state of being protected against a disease. meaning the body has the right antibodies to fight off the antigens that have entered the body.
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D.O.I
Duration of immunity
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types of immunity
passive: given to the individual from another indevidiual exp through maternal milkActive: the introduction of an active agent through vaccination
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vaccines
vaccine contains all or part of a infectious agent causing the body to fight it off creating antibodies for that disease if the animal is to contract it in the future.
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live virus vaccine (LVV)
contains live virus and grows multiples inside the animal causing a strong immune response.not used very oftendo not contain adjuvant
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modified live virus (MLV) (ML)
A modified live vaccine contains only those virus or bacterial necessary ot provide immunity.Generally saferContain adjuvant
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killed virus (KV)
using dead virus will still activate an immune responce but not as strong a responce as other two types of vaccines.these vaccines generally contain an adjuvant
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what is a normal response post vaccination?
as a normal response after vaccination:lump at injection siteusually seen in 1-5% of patientsmay also display signs of lethargy and grogginess for 24-36 hours after vaccination.
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Allergies-allergic reaction to post vaccine can include?
breathing difficultys, restlessness, swelling around the eyes, throat or mouth, or vomiting.if this is thought to occur the veterinarian must give the animal an injection of steroid or anti histermine ten to 15 mins before rhe vaccine is administered
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titre
this is a blood test that measures the animals own antibody level against a specific disease
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where should a vaccine be administered and where not?
Always check lable for specific instructionsvaccine should never be given ivnormal is subQ injections between shoulder blades or intrascapularly im injections are normally given in the right or left flank or by lumbar spine some are given i.n (intranasally)
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where is FVRCP administered?
SQ between shoulder blades or RT foreleg
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where is feline leukemia given?
subq or i.m into the Left flank
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