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Pulse Amplitude Scale
- 0 - Absent
- 1 - diminished
- 2 - normal
- 3 - moderately increased
- 4 - markedly increased
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Heart Rate Norms
- Infant: 100-130
- Child: 80-100
- Adult: 60-100
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Bradycardia
Slow Heart Rate
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Tachycardia
Fast Heart Rate
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Where do you find the brachial pulse?
Under the bicep on medial aspect of humerus
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Where do you find the femoral pulse?
Next to the weenis
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Where do you find the Doral Pedal Pulse?
Top center of the foot
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Where do you find the popliteal pulse?
In the leg pit
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How do you find Maximal HR?
220-age
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How do you find taget HR?
- 60-80% Max HR
- (.6)(220-age)=lowest target
- (.8)(220-age)=highest target
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What are blood pressure norms?
- Infant: 60 to 90/30 to 55
- Child: 90 to 110/50 to 70
- Adult: 100 to 140/60 to 90
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Systolic vs Diastolic
- Systolic: pressure on arterial walls when heart is contracted
- Diastolic: pressure on arterial walls when heart is at rest
- Blood pressure: systolic/diastolic
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Hypertension classifications
- Prehypertension: 120-139/80-89
- Stage 1 Hypertension: 140-159/90-99
- Stage 2 Hypertension: 160+/100+
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Respitory Norms
- Infants: 30-50/min
- Adults: 12-18/min
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Temperature Norms
- 98.6F or 37C
- Afebrile (less than 100) vs Febrile (over 100)
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Active vs Passive Insufficiency in 2 joint muscles
- Active: Lack of muscle strength
- Passive: Lack of muscle length
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Thomas Test
- Patient lies on their back with butt near the edge of the bed. The pt then pulls the knee to the chest.
- If the other leg stays on the table (approx -10) all is good
- If the leg raises then the iliopsoas is tight
- If the knee attempts to extend the rectus femoris is tight.
- If the leg moves outward, the IT Band is tight
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Ober Test
- Patient lies on side with uninvolved leg on the mat flexed @ 90 & 90
- The Involved leg is then abducted, flexed 90 at knee and then extended back beyond 0. The leg is then lowered toward the mat.
- If the leg lowers, no contracture is present
- If the leg does not lower, IT Band or TFL could have contracture.
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Ely's Test
- Pt is placed prone and foot is brought up to 90
- If the ASIS stays on the table, everything is fine
- If the hip raises, there is a tight Rectus Femoris
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ROM & Functional Values
- Descending stairs: 86-107 (approximately 100) degree of knee flexion
- Transferring from sit to stand: approximately 90-95 degrees of knee flexion
- Drinking from a cup: approximately 130 degrees of elbow flexion and 50 degrees of shoulder flexion
- Fastening a bra: approximately 55 degrees extension, 70 degrees horizontal abduction, and nearly complete medial rotation
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Synarthrosis
- Motion: None
- Structure: Fibrous-Suture
- Example: Skull
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Syndesmosis
- Motion: Slight
- Structure: Fibrous – Ligamentous
- Example: distal tibiofibular
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Gomphosis
- Motion: None
- Stucture: Peg-in-socket
- Example: Tooth
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Amphiarthrosis
- Motion: Little
- Structure: Cartilaginous
- Example: Intervertebral disks
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Diathrosis
- Motion: Free
- Structure: Synovial
- Example: Hip, Elbow, Knee
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Pitting edema
- Press into a swollen area & the impression stays
- indicates:
- Bilateral = cardiac failure, liver, renal conditions
- Unilateral = obstruction of returning circulation
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Genu Recurvatum
Knees hyperextended
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