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the study and cause of a disease
etiology
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The development of disease is called
pathogenesis
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colonization of the body by pathogens is called?
infection
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An abnormal state in which the body is not functioning normally
disease
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The study of disease is called
pathology
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This may be present for days, weeks, or months
transient microbiota
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Thiese permanetly colonize the host
normal microbiota
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Is the relationship between normal microbiota and the host
symbiosis
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In symbiosis this relationship is descibed as one organism is benefited and the other one is unaffected
commonsalism
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In symbiosis this relationship is descibed as both organisms benefit.
mutralism
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In symbiosis this relationship is descibed as one organism benefits at the expenese of the other
parasitism
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Some normal microbiota can get into a sterile environment and could cause infection and are known as?
oppurtunistic pathogens
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The nose,throat,skin, eyes, mouth, large intestine, urinary and reproductive systems all have what?
normal microbiota, or normal flora
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This lives on and breeds on eyelashes, hiar follicles around the nose and chin
demodex folliculorum (follicle mite)
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This is a competition between microbes
microbial antigonism
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This inhibit colonization by pathogens, some GI bacteria synthesize vitamins, and some stimulate the immune system
normal flora and their benefits to the host
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These are live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intented to exert a beneficial effect
probiotics
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A change is the body function that is felt by the patient as a result of a disease
symptom
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A change in the body that can be measured or observed as a result of disease
sign
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A specific group of signs or symptoms hat accompany a disease
syndrome
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A disease that can be spread from one host to another
communicable disease
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A disease that is easily spread from one host to another is called?
contagious disease
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A disease that is not transmitted from one host to Another
non communicable disease
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Fraction of the population that contracts a disease during a specific time is called?
incidence
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fraction of the population having a specificĀ disease at a given time is called
prevalence
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A disease that occurs occationally in a population is called?
sporatic disease
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A disease that constantly present in a population is called?
endemic disease
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A disease acquired by many hostsĀ in a given area in a short time is called?
epidemic disease
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A worldwide epidemic is called?
pandemic disease
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immunity in most of a population is known as
herd immunity
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Where symptoms develope rapidly is known as?
acute disease
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A disease that developes slowly is known as?
chronic disease
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symptoms between acute and chronic are known as
subacute disease
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Disease of a period of no symptoms when the causative agent is inactive is known as
latent disease
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Where the pathogens are limited to a small area of the body is called?
local infection
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An infection throughout the body is called?
systemic infection
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Systemic infection that began as a local infection is called?
Focal infection
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Toxic inflammatory condition arising from the spread of microbes, especially bacteria on their toxins, from a focus of infection is called
sepsis
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bacteria in the blood is called?
bacteremia
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growth of bacteria in the blood is called?
septicemia
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toxina in teh blood in called?
toxemia
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viruses in the blood is called?
viremia
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acute infection that causes the initial illness is called?
primary infection
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oppurtunistic infection after a primary (predisposing) infecetion is called?
secondary infection
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no noticeable signs or symptoms (inapparent infection) is called?
subclinical disease
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This makes the body more susceptible to a disease is called?
predisposing factors
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This period shows no sign or symptoms of disease?
incubation period
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this period shows mild symptoms and signs of a disease is called?
prodromal period
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This period is where you are recovering from a disease?
period of convalescence
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This transmission requires close asssociation between infected and susceptible host
direct
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This is spread by formites
indirect
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this transmission is spread by airborne droplets
droplet
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This is a transmission that is by an inanimate reservoir (food, water, air)
vehical transmission
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What is a nosocomial infection?
A hospital acquired infection
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incidence of a specific notifiable disease is called?
morbidity
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deaths from notifiable diseases are called?
mortality
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