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What is the typical sequence of events during a quadrant screen?
- 1.Initial observation
- §Gait, demeanor, posture, deformities, scars, etc.
- 2.Patient history
- 3.Scanning examination
- 4.AROM à Passive Overpressure
- 5.Resistive Tests-usually myotome, sometimes MMT
- 6.DTR
- 7.Sensation Testing
- 8.Special Tests
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S/S of hyperglycemia
- Fatigue and lethargy
- Blurred vision
- Dry skin
- Extreme thirst and frequent urination
- Dizziness
- Increased appetite
- Nausea, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain
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S/S of hypoglycemia?
- Sweating, unsteadiness and weakness
- Increased HR and lightheadedness
- Headache, fatigue, and impaired vision
- Clumsiness and tingling sensation in their mouth
- Confusion, pallor, and behavior changes
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Common errors when taking BP
- Cuff size and application
- Arm position
- •Differences in arm size
- •Rest period prior to measurement
- •Inflation/deflation method
- •Concentration of the measurer
- •Digit bias (tendency to record a zero as the last digit)
- •Lack of repeated measures
- •Time between repeated measures
- •Lack of calibration/maintenance of measurement devices
- •Body position
- •Muscle tension
- •Quality of stethoscope
- • Level of training of measurer
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What is the normal chest expansion during respiration?
2-4cm
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grading of DTR
- 0 = absent
- 1+ = decreased
- 2+ = normal
- 3+ = hyperactive
- 4+ = hyperactive with clonus
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Where are the DTR tested? And what spinal cord level does it correspond to?
- Biceps – C5
- Brachioradialis – C6
- Triceps – C7
- Patella – L4
- Medial hamstrings (L5,S1)
- Lateral hamstrings (S1-2)
- Tibialis posterior (L4-L5)
- Achilles S1
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Grading joint mobility
- 0 = ankylosed
- 1 = considerable hypomobility
- 2 = slight hypomobility
- 3 = normal
- 4 = slight hypermobility
- 5 = considerable hypermobility
- 6 = pathologically unstable
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What are the two methods of girth measuring?
- tape measure
- volumetric measurement
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